Emerging Infectious Disease ISSN: 1080-6059

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Experimental Infection of North American Birds with the New York 1999 Strain of West Nile Virus

Nicholas Komar*

, Stanley Langevin*, Steven Hinten*, Nicole Nemeth*†, Eric Edwards*†, Danielle L. Hettler*†, Brent S. Davis*, Richard A. Bowen†, and Michel L. Bunning*‡

Author affiliations: *Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA; †Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA; ‡Office of the Surgeon General, United States Air Force, Bolling Air Force Base, Washington, D.C., USA

Main Article

Table 1

Classification, sample sizes, types of transmission studies and sources for 25 species of birds infected experimentally with West Nile virus

Common name	Latin name	Family	Order	No. used	Transmission trials^a	Source type
Canada Goose	Branta canadensis	Anatidae	Anseriformes	3	M	Wild
Mallard	Anas platyrhynchos	Anatidae	Anseriformes	3	M, C	Commercial
American Kestrel	Falco sparverius	Falconidae	Falconiformes	5	M, O	Rehabilitator
Northern Bobwhite	Colinus virginianus	Odontophoridae	Galliformes	6	M, C, O	Commercial
Japanese Quail	Coturnix japonicus	Odontophoridae	Galliformes	6	M, C, O	Commercial
Ring-necked Pheasant	Phasianus colchicus	Phasianidae	Galliformes	3	M	Commercial
American Coot	Fulica americana	Rallidae	Gruiformes	2	M, C	Wild
Killdeer	Charadrius vociferus	Charadriidae	Charadriiformes	2	M	Wild
Ring-billed Gull	Larus delawarensis	Laridae	Charadriiformes	7	M, C	Wild
Mourning Dove	Zenaida macroura	Columbidae	Columbiformes	6	M, C, O	Wild
Rock Dove	Columba livia	Columbidae	Columbiformes	12	M, C	Commercial
Monk Parakeet	Myiopsitta monachus	Psittacidae	Psittaciformes	6	M, C, O	Commercial
Budgerigar	Melopsittacus undulatus	Psittacidae	Psittaciformes	6	M, C, O	Commercial
Great Horned Owl	Bubo virginianus	Strigidae	Strigiformes	2	M, O	Rehabilitator
Northern Flicker	Colaptes auratus	Picidae	Piciformes	5	M, O	Wild
Blue Jay	Cyanocitta cristata	Corvidae	Passeriformes	6	M, C	Wild
Black-billed Magpie	Pica hudsonia	Corvidae	Passeriformes	8	M, C, O	Wild
American Crow	Corvus brachyrhynchos	Corvidae	Passeriformes	22	M, C, O	Wild
Fish Crow	Corvus ossifragus	Corvidae	Passeriformes	20	M, C, O	Wild
American Robin	Turdus migratorius	Turdidae	Passeriformes	6	M, C, O	Wild
European Starling	Sturnus vulgaris	Sturnidae	Passeriformes	8	M, C	Wild
Red-winged Blackbird	Agelaius phoeniceus	Icteridae	Passeriformes	4	M	Wild
Common Grackle	Quiscalus quiscula	Icteridae	Passeriformes	12	M, C, O	Wild
House Finch	Carpodacus mexicanus	Fringillidae	Passeriformes	3	M, C, O	Wild
House Sparrow	Passer domesticus	Passeridae	Passeriformes	15	M, C, O	Wild

^aM, mosquito-exposed; C, contact-exposed; O, orally exposed.

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Emerging Infectious Disease ISSN: 1080-6059

Volume 9, Number 3—March 2003

Research

Experimental Infection of North American Birds with the New York 1999 Strain of West Nile Virus

Table 1

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