Volume 13, Number 5—May 2007
Dispatch
Tuberculosis Drug Resistance and HIV Infection, the Netherlands
Catharina Hendrika Haar*†, Frank G.J. Cobelens*‡
, Nico A. Kalisvaart*, Jan J. van der Have†, Paul J.H.J. van Gerven*, and Dick van Soolingen§
, Nico A. Kalisvaart*, Jan J. van der Have†, Paul J.H.J. van Gerven*, and Dick van Soolingen§
Table 1
Association between HIV infection and primary drug resistance among new tuberculosis patients, the Netherlands, 1993–2001*
| No. HIV negative (%) (n = 6,467) | No. HIV positive (%) (n = 308) | OR (95% CI) (unadjusted) | p value† | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fully susceptible |
5,695 (88.1) |
263 (85.4) |
1.00 |
|
| Resistant to 1 drug |
544 (8.4) |
29 (9.4) |
1.15 (0.76–1.74) |
0.542 |
| Resistant to 2 drugs |
193 (3.0) |
11 (3.6) |
1.23 (0.63–2.36) |
0.622 |
| Resistant to 3 drugs |
24 (0.4) |
5 (1.6) |
4.51 (1.50–12.57) |
0.001 |
| Resistant to 4 drugs |
11 (0.2) |
0 |
– |
– |
| Any resistance |
772 (11.9) |
45 (17.1) |
1.26 (0.90–1.77) |
0.188 |
| Any resistance to: |
||||
| Isoniazid |
420 (6.5) |
29 (9.4) |
1.50 (0.99–2.26) |
0.059 |
| Rifampin |
46 (0.7) |
5 (1.6) |
2.35 (0.82–6.24) |
0.075 |
| Streptomycin |
538 (8.3) |
31 (10.1) |
1.25 (0.83–1.86) |
0.303 |
| Ethambutol |
42 (0.6) |
1 (0.3) |
0.52 (0.03–3.49) |
1.000 |
| Multidrug resistance‡ | 39 (0.6) | 5 (1.6) | 2.78 (1.09–7.10) | 0.033 |
*New patients are defined as those not previously treated for tuberculosis. OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
†p value determined by Fisher exact test or χ2 test (Yates corrected), as appropriate.
‡Resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin.
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Page updated: June 23, 2010
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