Emerging Infectious Disease ISSN: 1080-6059

Mycobacterial Lineages Causing Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis, Ethiopia

Rebuma Firdessa¹², Stefan Berg¹, Elena Hailu¹, Esther Schelling, Balako Gumi, Girume Erenso, Endalamaw Gadisa, Teklu Kiros, Meseret Habtamu, Jemal Hussein, Jakob Zinsstag, Brian D. Robertson, Gobena Ameni, Amanda J. Lohan, Brendan Loftus, Iñaki Comas, Sebastien Gagneux, Rea Tschopp, Lawrence Yamuah, Glyn Hewinson, Stephen V. Gordon, Douglas B. Young, and Abraham Aseffa

Author affiliations: Author affiliations: Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (R. Firdessa, E. Hailu, B. Gumi, G. Erenso, E. Gadisa, T. Kiros, M. Habtamu, J. Hussein, R. Tschopp, L. Yamuah, A. Aseffa); Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Weybridge, UK (S. Berg, G. Hewinson); Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland (E. Schelling, J. Zinsstag, S. Gagneux, R. Tschopp); University of Basel, Basel (E. Schelling, J. Zinsstag, S. Gagneux); Imperial College, London, London, UK (B.D. Robertson, D.B. Young); Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa (G. Ameni); University College Dublin Conway Institute, Dublin, Ireland (A.J. Lohan, B. Loftus, S.V. Gordon); National Institute for Medical Research, London (I. Comas, D.B. Young); Centre for Public Health Research, Valencia, Spain (I. Comas); Centro de Investigación y Educación en Red en Epidemiología Biomédica Pública, Madrid, Spain (I. Comas)

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Figure 1

Lineages of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) complex, Ethiopia, 2006–2010. Genome sequence analysis of 4 strains representative of 36 related isolates identified them as members of a new phylogenetic lineage (lineage 7) of M. tuberculosis, which has a phylogenetic location intermediate between ancient lineage 1 and modern Lineages 2, 3, and 4, and a branch point before the deletion of the TbD1 region (3). Nomenclatures for lineage names and numbers are as proposed (4,6). Phylogeny shown is b

Figure 1. . . Lineages of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) complex, Ethiopia, 2006–2010. Genome sequence analysis of 4 strains representative of 36 related isolates identified them as members of a new phylogenetic lineage (lineage 7) of M. tuberculosis, which has a phylogenetic location intermediate between ancient lineage 1 and modern Lineages 2, 3, and 4, and a branch point before the deletion of the TbD1 region (3). Nomenclatures for lineage names and numbers are as proposed (4,6). Phylogeny shown is based on 13,199 nt positions that were variable in at least 1 of the 28 M. tuberculosis complex strains represented in the tree. Numbers near nodes indicate percentage of bootstrap replicates supporting the topology after 1,000 pseudoreplicates. MAF, M. africanum; MBO, M. bovis.

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¹These authors contributed equally to this article.

²Current affiliation: University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

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