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Volume 19, Number 3—March 2013
Research

Attribution of Foodborne Illnesses, Hospitalizations, and Deaths to Food Commodities by using Outbreak Data, United States, 1998–2008

John A. PainterComments to Author , Robert M. Hoekstra, Tracy Ayers, Robert V. Tauxe, Christopher R. Braden, Frederick J. Angulo, and Patricia M. Griffin
Author affiliations: Author affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA

Main Article

Table 3

Estimates of annual deaths resulting from domestically acquired foodborne illnesses attributed to specific food commodities and commodity groups, by pathogen type, United States, 1998–2008*

Commodity or commodity group No. (%) deaths
All agents Bacterial Chemical Parasitic Viral
Aquatic animals† 94 (6.4) 24 (2.8) 61 (61.6) 2 (0.7) 6 (3.7)
Fish 71 (4.9) 8 (1.0) 60 (59.8) 0 (0.1) 2 (1.4)
Shellfish† 23 (1.6) 16 (1.8) 2 (1.8) 2 (0.6) 4 (2.3)
Crustaceans 3 (0.2) 2 (0.2) 0 (0.5) 0 (0.2)
Mollusks
20 (1.4)
14 (1.6)
1 (1.3)
2 (0.6)
3 (2.1)
Land animals† 629 (43.3) 570 (66.2) 13 (13.3) 0 45 (29.0)
Dairy 140 (9.7) 121 (14.0) 2 (1.5) 18 (11.8)
Eggs 71 (4.9) 57 (6.6) 3 (2.8) 11 (6.8)
Meat-poultry† 418 (28.8) 393 (45.5) 9 (8.9) 0 16 (10.4)
Meat† 140 (9.7) 130 (15.1) 1 (1.0) 0 9 (5.7)
Beef 55 (3.8) 51 (5.9) 0 (0.3) 4 (2.7)
Game 3 (0.2) 2 (0.2) 1 (0.6) 0 0 (0.1)
Pork 82 (5.7) 77 (9.0) 0 (0.1) 5 (2.9)
Poultry
278 (19.1)
262 (30.4)
8 (8.0)

7 (4.7)
Plants† 363 (25.0) 229 (26.5) 25 (25.2) 4 (1.2) 105 (67.4)
Grains-beans 27 (1.9) 16 (1.8) 5 (5.2) 6 (4.1)
Oils-sugars 3 (0.2) 1 (0.9) 2 (1.1)
Produce† 333 (22.9) 213 (24.7) 19 (19.0) 4 (1.2) 97 (62.2)
Fruits-nuts 93 (6.4) 55 (6.4) 12 (11.8) 4 (1.2) 22 (14.2)
Vegetables† 240 (16.5) 158 (18.3) 7 (7.2) 0 75 (48.0)
Fungi 2 (0.1) 0 2 (1.5)
Leafy 88 (6.0) 27 (3.1) 4 (3.7) 0 57 (36.7)
Root 21 (1.4) 12 (1.4) 0 (0.5) 9 (5.6)
Sprout 27 (1.9) 27 (3.2)
Vine-stalk
102 (7.0)
92 (10.6)
1 (1.5)
0
9 (5.7)
Undetermined
366 (25.2)
39 (4.5)

327 (98.1)
0
Total 1,451 (100.0) 862 (100.0) 100 (100.0) 333 (100.0) 156 (100.0)

*Most estimates from (1); some were made as described in Methods. Numbers of deaths are the most probable estimate, as described in Methods. Estimates are rounded; some row and column sums may differ from their totals. Blank cells indicate no data.
†Indicates commodity group.

Main Article

Page created: February 25, 2013
Page updated: February 25, 2013
Page reviewed: February 25, 2013
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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