Emerging Infectious Disease ISSN: 1080-6059

Mycobacterial Lineages Causing Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis, Ethiopia

Rebuma Firdessa¹², Stefan Berg¹, Elena Hailu¹, Esther Schelling, Balako Gumi, Girume Erenso, Endalamaw Gadisa, Teklu Kiros, Meseret Habtamu, Jemal Hussein, Jakob Zinsstag, Brian D. Robertson, Gobena Ameni, Amanda J. Lohan, Brendan Loftus, Iñaki Comas, Sebastien Gagneux, Rea Tschopp, Lawrence Yamuah, Glyn Hewinson, Stephen V. Gordon, Douglas B. Young, and Abraham Aseffa

Author affiliations: Author affiliations: Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (R. Firdessa, E. Hailu, B. Gumi, G. Erenso, E. Gadisa, T. Kiros, M. Habtamu, J. Hussein, R. Tschopp, L. Yamuah, A. Aseffa); Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Weybridge, UK (S. Berg, G. Hewinson); Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland (E. Schelling, J. Zinsstag, S. Gagneux, R. Tschopp); University of Basel, Basel (E. Schelling, J. Zinsstag, S. Gagneux); Imperial College, London, London, UK (B.D. Robertson, D.B. Young); Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa (G. Ameni); University College Dublin Conway Institute, Dublin, Ireland (A.J. Lohan, B. Loftus, S.V. Gordon); National Institute for Medical Research, London (I. Comas, D.B. Young); Centre for Public Health Research, Valencia, Spain (I. Comas); Centro de Investigación y Educación en Red en Epidemiología Biomédica Pública, Madrid, Spain (I. Comas)

Main Article

Figure 2

Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit–variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) networks of major spoligotype clusters, Ethiopia, 2006–2010. Two large spoligotype clusters from lineage 4 (A) (90 isolates of spligotype 149) and lineage 3 (B) (73 isolates of spoligotype 25) were further characterized by 24-loci MIRU-VNTR typing (Technical Appendix Table 2). Minimum-spanning trees were calculated for each cluster by using MIRU-VNTRplus (www.miru-vntrplus.org). Each circle indicates an individu

Figure 2. . . Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit–variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) networks of major spoligotype clusters, Ethiopia, 2006–2010. Two large spoligotype clusters from lineage 4 (A) (90 isolates of sopligotype 149) and lineage 3 (B) (73 isolates of spoligotype 25) were further characterized by 24-loci MIRU-VNTR typing (Technical Appendix Table 2). Minimum-spanning trees were calculated for each cluster by using MIRU-VNTRplus (www.miru-vntrplus.org). Each circle indicates an individual genotype. Genotypes L and E1 include >15 isolates and remaining genotypes include <15 isolates. Genotypes indicated by a black circle were isolated from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB); those in light gray were isolated from patients with TB lymphadenitis in cervical lymph nodes (TBLN); and those in dashed circles were isolated from patients with pulmonary TB and those with TBLN. Numbers on lines between circles indicate distance between 2 genotypes.

Main Article

¹These authors contributed equally to this article.

²Current affiliation: University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

Top of Page

The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.