Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 12, Number 1—January 2006
Research

SARS–associated Coronavirus Replication in Cell Lines

Matthew Kaye*Comments to Author , Julian Druce*, Thomas Tran*, Renata Kostecki*, Doris Chibo*, Jessica Morris*, Mike Catton*, and Chris Birch*
Author affiliations: *Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, North Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Main Article

Table

Susceptibility of cells to SARS-CoV*

Cell line Species of origin Cell type CPE IDFA Quantitative PCR Ct (days 4, 7, and 11)
Supports replication
BGM Monkey, buffalo green Kidney epithelium + + 15, 15, 14
COS Monkey Derivative of CV-1 – + 31, 33, 32
CV-1 Monkey, African green Kidney fibroblast + + 14, 15, 15
FRhK Monkey, rhesus Fetal kidney + + 16, 16, 15
LLC-Mk2 Monkey, rhesus Kidney epithelium + + 15, 14, 14
MA-104 Monkey, African green Kidney epithelium + + 17, 15, 15
MEK Monkey Embryonic kidney – + 19, NT, 16
pCMK† Monkey, cynomolgus Primary kidney + + 20, 18, 17
Vero Monkey, African green Kidney epithelium + + 14, NT, NT
Vero E6† Monkey, African green Clone of Vero + + 14, NT, NT
HEK-293† Human Fetal kidney + + 16, 16, 17
Hep G2 Human Liver hepatocellular carcinoma + + 23, 23, 20
Huh-7† Human Liver hepatocellular carcinoma + + 15, 15, 16
RK-13 Rabbit Kidney epithelium + + 19, 17, 21
Does not support replication
A549† Human Lung carcinoma epithelium – – 33, 32, 35
HEL† Human Diploid fetal lung fibroblast – – 31, 34, 38
HeLa-T Human Cervical epithelium – – 32, 33, 36
Hep-2 Human Epithelium derived from HeLa-T – – 31, 32, 36
RD-A Human Rhabdomyosarcoma – – 33, 32, 35
MDCK† Canine Kidney epithelium – – 32, 37, 41
L20 Murine Express poliovirus receptor – – 33, 32, 35

*SARS-CoV, severe acute respiratory syndrome–associated coronavirus; CPE, cytopathic effect; IDFA, indirect immunofluorescence assay; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; Ct, cycle threshold; NT, not tested.
†These cell lines were tested as part of another study (14), and the results confirmed as part of this study.

Main Article

References
  1. Zhong  NS, Zheng  BJ, Li  YM, Poon  LL, Xie  ZH, Chan  KH, Epidemiology and cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangdong, People's Republic of China, in February, 2003. Lancet. 2003;362:1353–8. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Drosten  C, Gunther  S, Preiser  W, van der Werf  S, Brodt  HR, Becker  S, Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1967–76. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Guan  Y, Zheng  BJ, He  YQ, Liu  XL, Zhuang  ZX, Cheung  CL, Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China. Science. 2003;302:276–8. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. Cyranoski  D, Abbott  A. Virus detectives seek source of SARS in China's wild animals. Nature. 2003;423:467. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Holmes  KV. Coronaviruses. In: Knipe DM, Howley PM, editors. Fields virology. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 2001. p. 1187–203.
  6. van der Hoek  L, Pyrc  K, Jebbink  MF, Vermeulen-Oost  W, Berkhout  RJM, Wolthers  KC, Identification of a new human coronavirus. Nat Med. 2004;10:368–73. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. Woo  PC, Lau  SK, Chu  CM, Chan  KH, Tsoi  HW, Huang  Y, Characterization and complete genome sequence, coronavirus HKU1, from patients with pneumonia. J Virol. 2005;79:884–95. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. El-Sahly  HM, Atmar  RL, Glezen  WP, Greenberg  SB. Spectrum of clinical illness in hospitalized patients with "common cold" virus infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2000;31:96–100. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. Tsang  KW, Ho  PL, Ooi  GC, Yee  WK, Wang  T, Chan-Yeung  M, A cluster of cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1977–85. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. Ksiazek  TG, Erman  D, Goldsmith  C, Zaki  SR, Peret  T, Emery  S, A novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1953–66. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. World Health Organization. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Singapore [monograph on the Internet]. 2003 Sep 10 [cited 2005 Sep 19]. Available from http://www.who.int/csr/don/2003_09_10/en/
  12. World Health Organization. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Taiwan, China [monograph on the Internet]. 2003 Dec 17 [cited 2005 Sep 19]. Available from http://www.who.int/csr/don/2003_12_17/en/
  13. World Health Organization. China's latest SARS outbreak has been contained, but biosafety concerns remain—update 7 [monograph on the Internet]. 2004 May 18 [cited 2005 Sep 19]. Available from http://www.who.int/csr/don/2004_05_18a/en/
  14. Peiris  JS, Lai  ST, Poon  LL, Guan  Y, Yam  LY, Lim  W, Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Lancet. 2003;361:1319–25. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. Gillim-Ross  L, Taylor  J, Scholl  DR, Ridenour  J, Masters  PS, Wentworth  DE. Discovery of novel human and animal cells infected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by replication-specific multiplex reverse transcription-PCR. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42:3196–206. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. Li  W, Moore  MJ, Vasilieva  N, Sui  J, Wong  SW, Berne  MA, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus. Nature. 2003;426:450–4. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Main Article

Page created: February 16, 2012
Page updated: February 16, 2012
Page reviewed: February 16, 2012
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external