Volume 17, Number 3—March 2011
Research
Targeted Drug-Resistance Testing Strategy for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Detection, Lima, Peru, 2005–2008
Gustavo E. Velásquez, Martin Yagui, J. Peter Cegielski, Luis Asencios, Jaime Bayona, Cesar Bonilla, Hector O. Jave, Gloria Yale, Carmen Suárez, Sidney Atwood, Carmen C. Contreras, and Sonya S. Shin
Table 2
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis, by drug-resistance status, Lima, Peru, 2005–2008*
| Variable | Susceptible to INH and RIF, n = 661 | Monoresistant to INH or RIF, n = 161 | MDR TB, n = 419 | Total, N = 1,241 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DST method | ||||
| Griess | 318 (48.1) | 87 (54.0) | 208 (49.6) | 613 (49.4) |
| Conventional | 270 (40.9) | 56 (34.8) | 185 (44.2) | 511 (41.2) |
| BACTEC | 63 (9.5) | 17 (10.6) | 23 (5.5)† | 103 (8.3) |
| Griess/BACTEC |
10 (1.5) |
1 (0.6) |
3 (0.7) |
14 (1.1) |
| Year of enrollment | ||||
| 2005 | 175 (26.5) | 44 (27.3) | 130 (31.0) | 349 (28.1) |
| 2006 | 233 (35.3) | 47 (29.2) | 127 (30.3) | 407 (32.8) |
| 2007 | 178 (26.9) | 48 (29.8) | 106 (25.3) | 332 (26.8) |
| 2008 |
75 (11.4) |
22 (13.7) |
56 (13.4) |
153 (12.3) |
| Age, y, mean ± SD | 35.6 ± 15.2 | 32.8 ± 15.1† | 29.7 ± 13.1‡ | 33.2 ± 14.8 |
| Female sex | 236 (35.7) | 54 (33.5) | 144 (34.4) | 434 (35.0) |
| Married or lived together | 272 (41.2) | 48 (29.8)§ | 136 (32.5)§ | 456 (36.7) |
| Unemployed, n = 1,239 | 257 (38.9) | 62 (38.8) | 155 (37.0) | 474 (38.3) |
| Did not begin secondary level education, n = 1,235 |
150 (22.9) |
31 (19.3) |
67 (16.0)§ |
248 (20.1) |
| Tobacco use (ever), n = 1,240 | 191 (28.9) | 48 (29.8) | 97 (23.2)† | 336 (27.1) |
| Alcohol use or abuse (ever), n = 1,240 | 257 (38.9) | 61 (37.9) | 148 (35.3) | 466 (37.6) |
| Illicit drug use (ever) |
131 (19.8) |
38 (23.6) |
77 (18.4) |
246 (19.8) |
| Weight loss, n = 1,237 | 543 (82.5) | 126 (78.8) | 330 (78.8) | 999 (80.8) |
| Dyspnea, n = 1,238 | 118 (17.9) | 21 (13.1) | 81 (19.3) | 220 (17.8) |
| Hemoptysis, n = 1,239 | 28 (4.3) | 9 (5.6) | 38 (9.1)§ | 75 (6.1) |
| Cavitary lesion on chest radiography, n = 1,207 | 199 (16.5) | 43 (3.6) | 144 (11.9) | 386 (32.0) |
| Low BMI, n = 1,233 |
203 (30.8) |
55 (34.8) |
133 (32.1) |
391 (31.7) |
| Previous TB treatment | 328 (49.6) | 77 (47.8) | 224 (53.5) | 629 (50.7) |
| Type of TB | ||||
| Pulmonary only | 650 (98.3) | 155 (96.3) | 414 (98.8) | 1219 (98.2) |
| Extrapulmonary | 11 (1.7) | 6 (3.7) | 5 (1.2) | 22 (1.8) |
*Values are no. (%) except as indicated. Boldface indicates significant difference in statistical comparison of baseline characteristics in the corresponding drug-resistance group to drug-susceptible cases. INH, isoniazid; RIF, rifampin; MDR TB, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; DST, drug-susceptibility testing; BMI, body mass index.
†p<0.05.
‡p<0.001.
§p<0.01.
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