Lisette B.V. Provacia, Saskia L. Smits, Byron E. Martina, V. Stalin Raj, Petra v.d. Doel, Geert v. Amerongen, Hanneke Moorman-Roest, Albert D.M.E. Osterhaus, and Bart L. Haagmans
Figure. Phylogenetic tree based on nucleotide sequences of the nucleocapsid (A) and spike gene (B) of ferret coronaviruses (FRCoVs) 4E98 (GenBank accession nos. JF260916 and JF260914, respectively) and 511c (accession nos. JF260915 and JF260913, respectively) and other coronaviruses (CoVs). Partial nucleotide sequences were aligned by using ClustalX (www.clustal.org) and a neighbor-joining Kimura 2-parameter model with 1,000 bootstrap replicates; avian CoVs were used as outgroup sequences (p-distance; allowing gaps or missing data). Other CoVs shown (abbreviation, GenBank accession number): ferret coronavirus (FRECV MSU2, GU338457); ferret systemic coronavirus (FRSCV MSU1, GU338456); feline coronavirus (FCoV, DQ010921); canine coronavirus (CCoV, AY342160); transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV, AF104420); human coronavirus (HCoV NL63, DQ445911); porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV, AF353511); severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-HCoV, NC_004718); murine hepatitis virus (MHV, AY700211); bovine coronavirus (BCoV, U00735); infectious bronchitis virus (IBV, AY363968); and turkey coronavirus (TuCov, AF111997). Scale bars indicate nucleotide substitutions per site.