Volume 20, Number 6—June 2014
Research
Characteristics of Patients with Mild to Moderate Primary Pulmonary Coccidioidomycosis
Janis E. Blair
, Yu-Hui H. Chang, Meng-Ru Cheng, Laszlo T. Vaszar, Holenarasipur R. Vikram, Robert Orenstein, Shimon Kusne, Stanford Ho, Maria T. Seville, and James M. Parish
, Yu-Hui H. Chang, Meng-Ru Cheng, Laszlo T. Vaszar, Holenarasipur R. Vikram, Robert Orenstein, Shimon Kusne, Stanford Ho, Maria T. Seville, and James M. Parish
Table 1
Characteristics of 36 patients with primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis, Arizona, USA, March 1, 2010–October 31, 2012*
| Characteristic | Total, N = 36 | Antifungal treatment |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes, n = 20 | No, n = 16 | |||
| Sex, no. (%) | ||||
| M | 16 (44) | 11 (55) | 5 (31) | 0.15† |
| F |
20 (56) |
9 (45) |
11 (69) |
0.15† |
| Age, y, median (range) |
53 (21–79) |
52 (28–79) |
53 (21–68) |
0.48‡ |
| Race/ethnicity, no. (%) | 0.65† | |||
| White | 33 (92)§ | 18 (90) | 15 (94) | |
| Hispanic | 1 (3) | 1 (5) | 0 | |
| Asian |
2 (6) |
1 (5) |
1 (6) |
|
| Follow-up time, median (IQR), wk |
24 (24.0–24.0) |
24 (21.5–24.0) |
24 (24.0–24.0) |
|
| Concurrent illness¶ | ||||
| Rheumatologic, no. (%)# | 1 (3) | 1 (5) | 0 | 0.35† |
| Prior remote cancer, no recurrence, no./total (%)# |
3/35 (9) |
2/19 (11) |
1 (6) |
0.65† |
| Employment | ||||
| Employed at time of coccidioidomycosis, no. (%) | 22 (61) | 14 (70) | 8 (50) | 0.22† |
| Illness resulted in work absences, no. (%) | 18/22 (82) | 12/14 (86) | 6/8 (75) | 0.53† |
| Days absent, median no. (IQR), [range] |
10 (5–14) [1–28] |
10 (5–15) [2–28] |
7 (4–12) [1–13] |
0.32‡ |
| School attendance | ||||
| Attending at time of coccidioidomycosis, no. (%) | 3 (8) | 2 (10) | 1 (6) | 0.68 |
| Illness resulted in absences, no./total (%) |
1/3 (33) |
0 |
1/1 (100) |
0.08 |
| Coccidioidal symptoms, ever present, no. (%) | ||||
| Fatigue | 36 (100) | 20 (100) | 16 (100) | >0.99† |
| Fever | 31 (86) | 19 (95) | 12 (75) | 0.08† |
| Chills | 32 (89) | 19 (95) | 13 (81) | 0.19† |
| Cough | 34 (94) | 18 (90) | 16 (100) | 0.19† |
| Night sweats | 29 (81) | 17 (85) | 12 (75) | 0.45† |
| Headache | 29 (81) | 16 (80) | 13 (81) | 0.93† |
| Chest pain | 25 (69) | 15 (75) | 10 (62) | 0.52† |
| Arthralgia | 25 (69) | 13 (65) | 12 (75) | 0.59† |
| Rash |
23 (64) |
12 (60) |
11 (69) |
0.58† |
| Coccidioidal symptoms score at enrollment, median (IQR) |
5.0 (3.0–7.0) |
5.5 (5.0–7.5) |
4.0 (3.0–5.0) |
0.02‡ |
| Diagnostic test results | ||||
| Median chest radiograph score at enrollment | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 0.72‡ |
| Positive serologic results at enrollment, no./total (%) | ||||
| EIA IgM | 34/35 (97) | 18/19 (95) | 16/16 (100) | 0.35† |
| EIA IgG | 26/35 (74) | 12/19 (63) | 14/16 (88) | 0.1† |
| ID IgM | 14/36 (39) | 7/20 (35) | 7/16 (44) | 0.59† |
| ID IgG | 19/35 (53) | 10/20 (50) | 9/16 (56) | 0.71† |
| Positive IgG by CF | 12/32 (38) | 6/16 (38) | 6/16 (38) | >0.99† |
*IQR, interquartile range; EIA, enzyme immunoassay; ID, immunodiffusion; CF, complement fixation.
†By χ2 test.
‡By Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
§95% CI for White race was 77.5%–98.2%.
¶No patients had pulmonary, cardiovascular, kidney, or liver disease.
#Patient was not receiving any immunosuppressive treatment or chemotherapy.
Page created: May 16, 2014
Page updated: May 16, 2014
Page reviewed: May 16, 2014
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