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Volume 16, Number 7—July 2010
Research

Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Associated with Novel Virus Strain, Uganda, 2007–2008

Joseph F. WamalaComments to Author , Luswa Lukwago, Mugagga Malimbo, Patrick Nguku, Zabulon Yoti, Monica Musenero, Jackson Amone, William Mbabazi, Miriam Nanyunja, Sam Zaramba, Alex Opio, Julius J. Lutwama, Ambrose O. Talisuna, and Sam I. Okware
Author affiliations: Ministry of Heath, Kampala, Uganda (J.F. Wamala, L. Lukwago, M. Malimbo, M. Musenero, J. Amone, S. Zaramba, A. Opio, J.J. Lutwama, A.O. Talisuna, S.I. Okware); World Health Organization Country Office, Kampala (Z. Yoti, W. Mbabazi, M. Nanyunja); African Field Epidemiology Network Secretariat, Kampala (P. Nguku)

Main Article

Table 3

Bivariate analysis of risk factors for Ebola viral hemorrhagic fever, Bundibugyo district, Uganda, 2007–2008*

Potential risk factor Probable case, n = 74 Confirmed case, n = 42 Probable/confirmed case, n = 116 Noncase, 
n = 76 (ref.)
Hospitalized/visited hospital, no. (%) 38 (51.40) 36 (85.70) 74 (63.79) 31 (40.80)
OR (95% CI) 1.5 (0.8–3.1) 8.7 (3.0–26.3) 2.6 (1.4–4.9) 1
p value
 0.2
 <0.001
 <0.05
Consulted traditional healer, no. (%) 1 (1.4) 0 1 (0.9) 4 (5.3)
OR (95% CI) 0.25 (0.01–2.4) Undefined 0.2 (0.01–1.5) 1
p value
 0.2
0.06
Participated in funeral rituals, no. (%) 43 (58.1) 32 (76.2) 75 (64.7) 23 (30.2)
OR (95% CI) 3.2 (1.6–6.6) 7.4 (2.9–19.3) 4.22 (2.2–8.2) 1
p value
 <0.001
 <0.001
 <0.001
Traveled before illness, no. (%) 29 (39.20) 11 (26.20) 40 (34.50) 15 (19.74)
OR (95% CI) 2.62 (1.2–5.8) 1.4 (0.5–3.8) 2.1 (1.0–4.5) 1
p value
 <0.05
0.03
Had contact with person with known suspected case, no. (%) 48 (64.90) 42 (100.00) 90 (77.60) 43 (56.58)
OR (95% CI) 1.4 (0.7–2.9) Undefined 2.7 (1.35–5.24) 1
p value
 0.3
<0.05
Had contact with wildlife, no. (%) 1 (1.4) 0 1 (0.9) 1 (1.3)
OR (95% CI) 1.0 (0.0–38.4) Undefined 0.7 (0.02–24.30) 1
p value
 1.0
0.8
Male sex, no. (%) 40 (54.00) 25 (59.52) 65 (56.00) 37 (29.31)
OR (95% CI) 1.2 (0.6–2.5) 1.6 (0.7–3.6) 1.3 (0.7–2.5) 1
p value
 0.5
 0.3
 0.3
Age 41–60 y, no. (%) 18 (24.30) 16 (38.10) 34 (0.90) 18 (1.32)
OR (95% CI) 1.0 (0.5–2.3) 2.0 (0.8–4.9) 1.3 (0.7–2.7) 1
p value 0.9 0.1 0.4

*Ref., reference; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. Boldface indicates significant associations.

Main Article

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