Volume 12, Number 4—April 2006
Research
Atypical Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection and Prolonged Diarrhea in Children
Table 4
Association between presumed etiologic agent and clinical and laboratory findings in children with diarrhea*
| Clinical or laboratory parameter | Presumed etiologic agent |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPEC, n = 25 | Adenovirus, n = 22 | Rotavirus, n = 55 | Campylobacter, n = 30 | Salmonella, n = 22 | NPI, n = 46 | ||
| Age in months, median (interquartile range) | 16.9 (11.4–28.2) | 9.5 (4.4–19.5)† | 15.2 (9.4–28.0) | 34.2 (26.9–98.1)‡§ | 29.8 (9.3–90.9)¶ | 11.6 (3.1–52.7) | |
| Sex, no. (% male) | 18 (72)¶ | 14 (64) | 30 (55) | 17 (57) | 10 (46) | 20 (44)† | |
| Vomiting, no. (%) | 11 (44) | 17 (77)†¶ | 49 (89)‡§ | 13 (43) | 7 (32) | 23 (50) | |
| Abdominal pain, no. (%) | 5 (20) | 2 (9) ‡ | 10 (18) | 17 (57)#** | 10 (45) | 10 (22)** | |
| Days with diarrhea, mean (95% CI) | 12.1 (7.5–16.7)¶ | 4.9 (3.6–6.2)‡ | 6.0 (4.9–7.1)‡ | 4.9 (3.9–5.9)‡ | 6.5 (4.2–8.6)† | 6.3 (3.5–9.0)† | |
| Diarrhea >14 days, no. (%) | 12 (48)¶ | 1 (5)‡ | 3 (5)‡¶ | 1 (3)‡ | 2 (9)# | 9 (20)† | |
| Temperature >38°C, no. (%) | 6 (24) | 2 (9) | 30 (55)†¶ | 7 (23) | 17 (77)‡§ | 13 (28) | |
| Dehydration >5%, no. (%) | 1 (4) | 2 (9) | 35 (64)‡§ | 2 (7) | 6 (27)† | 6 (13) | |
| Severity score, mean (95% CI) | 9.0 (7.7–10.3) | 8.6 (7.5–9.7) | 13.5 (12.6–14.4)‡§ | 8.4 (7.5–9.3) | 11.3 (9.8–12.8)#** | 8.3 (7.4–9.2) | |
| Fecal blood | |||||||
| Macroscopic, no. (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 (13) | 3 (14) | 1 (2) | |
| Microscopic only, no. (%) | 4 (16) | 2 (9) | 1 (2) | 17 (57)¶§ | 9 (41) | 9 (20) | |
| Fecal leukocytes, no. (%) | 5 (20) | 4 (18) | 10 (18) | 23 (77)‡§ | 14 (64)¶# | 10 (22) | |
*EPEC, Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli; NPI, no pathogen identified; CI, confidence interval.
†Significantly different from EPEC (Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher exact test, or Student t test, 2-tailed), p<0.05, >0.01.
‡Significantly different from EPEC (Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher exact test, or Student t test, 2-tailed), p<0.001.
§Significantly different from NPI (Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher exact test, or Student t test, 2-tailed), p<0.001.
¶Significantly different from NPI (Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher exact test, or Student t test, 2-tailed), p<0.05, >0.01.
#Significantly different from EPEC (Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher exact test, or Student t test, 2-tailed), p<0.01, >0.001.
**Significantly different from NPI (Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher exact test, or Student t test, 2 tailed, p<0.01, >0.001.
1Present address: An Giang General Hospital, Long Xuyen City, An Giang, Vietnam.