Volume 12, Number 6—June 2006
Dispatch
Class 1 Integrons in Resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp., US Hospitals
Aarati N. Rao*1, Miriam Barlow*2, Leigh Ann Clark†, John R. Boring*, Fred C. Tenover†, and John E. McGowan*
Table 2
Association of nonsusceptibility to various antimicrobial agents and presence of integrons in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. (Klebsiella pneumoniae and K. oxytoca)*
| Antimicrobial drug | Estimate | OR (95% CI) | p value† |
|---|---|---|---|
| E. coli | |||
| Gentamicin‡ | 1.16 | 3.19 (1.40–7.30) | 0.006 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 0.31 | 1.37 (0.46–4.03) | 0.573 |
| Ceftazidime | –0.81 | 0.45 (0.14–1.45) | 0.180 |
| Cefepime | –1.77 | 0.17 (0.04–0.82) | 0.027 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | –0.38 | 0.68 (0.28–1.66) | 0.407 |
| Aztreonam | 1.19 | 3.29 (0.90–12.0) | 0.071 |
| Chloramphenicol | 0.29 | 1.34 (0.60–2.99) | 0.476 |
| Minocycline | –0.11 | 0.89 (0.39–2.06) | 0.791 |
| Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole‡ | 2.56 | 12.9 (5.73–29.0) | <0.001 |
| Source§ | 1.10 | 3.02 (1.23–7.45) | 0.02 |
| Intercept | –2.43 | <0.0001 | |
| Klebsiella spp. | |||
| Gentamicin | 1.44 | 4.23 (1.48–12.03) | 0.007 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 0.34 | 1.40 (0.43–4.56) | 0.578 |
| Ceftazidime | 0.92 | 2.51 (0.49–12.80) | 0.270 |
| Cefepime | 0.05 | 1.05 (0.27–4.14) | 0.942 |
| Piperacillin-tazobactam | 0.02 | 1.02 (0.26–4.07) | 0.979 |
| Aztreonam | –1.64 | 0.19 (0.04–0.99) | 0.048 |
| Chloramphenicol | –0.57 | 0.57 (0.13–2.44) | 0.447 |
| Minocycline | 0.13 | 1.14 (0.35–3.73) | 0.835 |
| Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | 1.52 | 4.61 (1.39–15.29) | 0.012 |
| Source§ | 0.56 | 1.75 (0.64–4.78) | 0.275 |
| Intercept | –0.28 | 0.591 | |
*Multivariate logistic regression with variables included for 1 drug of each major class that was tested. Hosmer and Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test statistic: E. coli total χ2 = 10.852, df = 8, p = 0.21; Klebsiella spp. total χ2 = 4.538, df = 8, and p = 0.81. OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
†By χ2 approximation.
‡Significant interaction between these 2 variables (p<0.001).
§Nonurine source vs. urine source (reference).
1Current affiliation: Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona, USA
2Current affiliation: University of California at Merced, Merced, California, USA
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