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Volume 12, Number 9—September 2006
Research

Risk Factors for Buruli Ulcer, Benin

Martine Debacker*, Françoise Portaels*, Julia Aguiar†, Christian Steunou†, Claude Zinsou†, Wayne Meyers‡, and Michèle Dramaix§Comments to Author 
Author affiliations: *Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; †Centre Sanitaire et Nutritionnel Gbemoten, Zagnanado, Benin; ‡Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC, USA; §Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

Main Article

Table 2

Univariate analysis of risk factors for Buruli ulcer in children <5 years of age, Centre Sanitaire et Nutritionnel Gbemoten, Zou, Benin*

Variable Cases (%) (n = 339) Controls (%) (n = 186) Crude OR 95% CI p value
Age, y <0.001
<1 31 (9.1) 44 (23.7) 1
1–2 154 (45.4) 103 (55.4) 2.12 1.26–3.58
3–4 154 (45.4) 39 (21.0) 5.60 3.14–10.00
Sex NS
Female 169 (50.6) 85 (46.4) 1
Male 165 (49.4) 98 (53.6) 0.85 0.59–1.22
Mycobacterium bovis BCG scar 0.047
Present 158 (92.4) 170 (97.1) 1
Absent 13 (7.6) 5 (2.9) 2.80 0.98–8.03
Region 0.001
Zou 238 (70.2) 152 (81.7) 1
Oueme 60 (17.7) 29 (15.6) 1.32 0.81–2.15
Other 41 (12.1) 5 (2.7) 5.24 2.02–13.55
Water sources <0.001
Protected (pump) 29 (30.2) 92 (54.8) 1
Unprotected (combined types) 67 (69.8) 76 (45.2) 2.80 1.59–4.93
River 7 (7.3) 44 (26.2) 0.50 0.21–1.24
Unprotected (mixed) 15 (15.6) 29 (17.3) 1.64 0.77–3.47
Swamp 45 (46.9) 3 (1.8) 47.59 13.76–164.61

*OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; NS, not significant.

Main Article

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