Volume 16, Number 10—October 2010
Research
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for Slow Response to Tuberculosis Treatment in a State Control Program, Virginia, USA
Scott K. Heysell
, Jane L. Moore, Suzanne J. Keller, and Eric R. Houpt
, Jane L. Moore, Suzanne J. Keller, and Eric R. Houpt
Table 3
Risk factors for INH or RIF serum concentration levels below the expected range 2 hours after medication administration among persons with slow responses, therapeutic drug monitoring, Virginia, USA, March 1, 2007–May 1, 2009*
| Characteristic | Normal INH, n = 16, no. (%) | Low INH, n = 23, no. (%) | Bivariate risk ratio (95% CI); p value | Normal RIF, n = 20, no. (%) | Low RIF, n = 22, no. (%) | Bivariate risk ratio (95% CI); p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | ||||||
| 18–39 | 4 (25) | 8 (35) | Referent | 5 (25) | 10 (46) | Referent |
| 40–64 | 7 (44) | 8 (35) | 0.57 (0.12–2.80); p = 0.49 | 8 (40) | 7 (32) | 0.44 (0.10–1.90); p = 0.27 |
| >65 |
5 (31) |
7 (30) |
0.70 (0.13–3.70); p = 0.67 |
7 (35) |
5 (22) |
0.36 (0.07–1.70); p = 0.20 |
| Sex | ||||||
| M | 11 (69) | 15 (65) | Referent | 13 (65) | 15 (68) | Referent |
| F |
5 (31) |
8 (35) |
1.2 (0.30–4.60); p = 0.82 |
7 (35) |
7 (32) |
0.87 (0.24–3.10); p = 0.81 |
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||||
| White | 1 (6) | 3 (13) | 1.9 (0.16–22.30); p = 0.61 | 3 (15) | 1(5) | 0.37 (0.3–4.2); p = 0.42 |
| Asian | 7 (44) | 11 (48) | Referent | 10 (50) | 9 (41) | Referent |
| Hispanic/Latino | 6 (38) | 4 (17) | 0.42 (0.09–2.10); p = 0.43 | 3 (15) | 8 (36) | 3.0 (0.60–14.70); p = 0.18 |
| Black |
2 (12) |
5 (22) |
1.6 (0.24–10.60); p = 0.63 |
4(20) |
4 (18) |
1.1 (0.21–5.80); p = 0.90 |
| Foreign-born | ||||||
| No | 3 (19) | 6 (26) | Referent | 6 (30) | 3 (14) | Referent |
| Yes |
13 (81) |
17 (74) |
0.65 (0.14–3.10); p = 0.59 |
14 (70) |
19 (86) |
2.7 (0.58–12.80); p = 0.21 |
| Diabetes | ||||||
| No | 10 (63) | 13 (57) | Referent | 16 (80) | 9 (41) | Referent |
| Yes |
6 (37) |
10 (43) |
1.3 (0.35–4.70); p = 0.71 |
4 (20) |
13 (59) |
5.8 (1.4–23.1); p = 0.01† |
| Alcohol abuse | ||||||
| No | 15 (94) | 22 (96) | Referent | 18 (90) | 20 (91) | Referent |
| Yes |
1 (6) |
1 (4) |
0.69 (0.40–11.70); p = 0.79 |
2 (10) |
2 (9) |
0.90 (0.12–7.10); p = 0.92 |
| Dose interval | ||||||
| Daily | 8 (50) | 19 (83) | Referent | 11 (65) | 16 (73) | Referent |
| Biweekly | 8 (50) | 4 (17) | 0.21 (0.05–0.90); p = 0.04‡ | 6 (35) | 6 (27) | 0.88 (0.23–3.30); p = 0.85 |
*INH, isoniazid; RIF, rifampin; CI, confidence interval. Low is defined as below expected range; normal is defined as within or above expected range.
†Adjusted odds ratio 5.7 (1.2–25.7); p = 0.03.
‡Adjusted odds ratio 0.47 (0.09–2.50); p = 0.37.
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