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Volume 17, Number 3—March 2011
Research

Active Tuberculosis among Homeless Persons, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 1998–2007

Kamran KhanComments to Author , Elizabeth Rea, Cameron McDermaid, Rebecca Stuart, Catharine Chambers, Jun Wang, Angie Chan, Michael Gardam, Frances B. Jamieson, Jae Yang, and Stephen W. Hwang
Author affiliations: Author affiliations: St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (K. Khan, C. Chambers, J. Wang, A. Chan, J. Yang, S.W. Hwang); University of Toronto, Toronto (K. Khan, E. Rea, M. Gardam, F. Jamieson, S.W. Hwang); Toronto Public Health, Toronto (E. Rea, R. Stuart); City of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (C. McDermaid); University Health Network, Toronto (M. Gardam); Ontario Agency for Health Promotion and Protection, Toronto (F. Jamieson)

Main Article

Table 3

Concurrent conditions of 91 homeless persons with tuberculosis, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 1998–2007*

Condition All persons, no. (%) Canada born, no. (%) Foreign born, no. (%) p value† 1998–2002, no. (%) 2003–2007, no. (%) p value‡
HIV infection 0.52 0.33
Positive 11 (12) 9 (15) 1 (4) 5 (11) 6 (13)
Negative 6 (7) 4 (7) 2 (7) 1 (2) 5 (10)
Unknown
 74 (81)
 47 (78)
 25 (89)
38 (87)
 36 (77)
Psychiatric disease§ 10 (11) 7 (12) 2 (7) 0.71 2 (5) 8 (17) 0.09
COPD 8 (9) 7 (12) 0 0.09 6 (14) 2 (4) 0.15
Liver disease¶ 29 (32) 24 (40) 4 (14) 0.03 12 (27) 17 (36) 0.38
Cancer 5 (5) 4 (7) 1 (4) 1.00 3 (7) 2 (4) 0.67
Congestive heart failure 1 (1) 0 0 – 1 (2) 0 0.48
Diabetes 11 (12) 5 (8) 5 (18) 0.28 1 (2) 10 (21) 0.01
Chronic alcohol abuse 29 (32) 23 (38) 6 (21) 0.15 12 (27) 17 (36) 0.38
Injection drug use 12 (13) 10 (17) 1 (4) 0.16 6 (14) 6 (13) 1.00
Noninjection drug use 6 (7) 6 (10) 0 0.17 0 6 (13) 0.03
Other 1 (1) 0 1(4) 0.32 0 1 (2) 1.00

*Birthplace information available for 88 persons.–, no statistical test performed; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
†Probability of a significant difference between Canada-born and foreign-born persons for each variable; calculated by using the 2-sided Fisher exact test or χ2 test, as appropriate.
‡Probability of a significant difference between the 2 periods for each variable; calculated by using the 2-sided Fisher exact test or χ2 test, as appropriate.
§Includes schizophrenia, severe mental illness, and dementia.
¶Includes cirrhosis, viral hepatitis B or C.

Main Article

Page created: July 25, 2011
Page updated: July 25, 2011
Page reviewed: July 25, 2011
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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