Volume 17, Number 4—April 2011
Dispatch
Characteristics of Children Hospitalized for Pandemic (H1N1) 2009, Malaysia
Hussain Imam Muhammad Ismail, Kah Kee Tan
, Yin Leng Lee, Wilson S.C. Pau, Kamarul A.M. Razali, Thahira Mohamed, Tassha Adnan, Premaa Subramaniam, and Jamaiyah Hanif
, Yin Leng Lee, Wilson S.C. Pau, Kamarul A.M. Razali, Thahira Mohamed, Tassha Adnan, Premaa Subramaniam, and Jamaiyah Hanif
Table 1
Characteristics of 1,362 hospitalized children with pandemic (H1N1) 2009, Malaysia, June 18, 2009–March 1, 2010
| Characteristic | No. (%) children |
|---|---|
| Demographic | |
| Male sex | 762 (55.9) |
| Age group | |
| 0–6 mo | 152 (11.2) |
| 7–12 mo | 182 (13.4) |
| 13–23 mo | 202 (14.8) |
| 2–4 y | 325 (23.9) |
| 5–8 y | 298 (21.9) |
| 9–12 y | 203 (14.8) |
| Ethnic group | |
| Malay | 995 (73.1) |
| Chinese | 109 (8.0) |
| Indian | 83 (6.1) |
| Native East Malaysian* | 99 (7.3) |
| Indigenous native | 24 (1.8) |
| Other |
52 (3.8) |
| Clinical sign or symptom | |
| Fever | 1313 (96.4) |
| Cough | 1237 (90.8) |
| Runny nose | 794 (58.3) |
| Nausea | 346 (25.4) |
| Poor feeding | 310 (22.8) |
| Labored breathing | 293 (21.5) |
| Diarrhea | 177 (13.0) |
| Sore throat | 164 (12.0) |
| Seizure | 117 (8.6) |
| Fatigue | 94 (6.9) |
| Headache | 30 (2.2) |
| Abdominal pain | 30 (2.2) |
| Altered consciousness | 13 (1.0) |
| Vomiting |
6 (0.4) |
| Disease severity/treatment needed | |
| Admission to intensive care unit | 134 (9.8) |
| Mechanical ventilation | 101 (7.4) |
| Supplemental oxygen† | 317 (23.3) |
| Noninvasive ventilation‡ |
4 (0.3) |
| Complication | |
| Shock | 57 (4.2) |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome | 41 (3.0) |
| Encephalitis/encephalopathy§ | 21 (1.5) |
| Myocarditis | 8 (0.6) |
| Disseminated intravascular coagulation | 7 (0.5) |
| Liver impairment | 32 (2.3) |
| Multiple organ failure | 12 (0.9) |
| Myoglobinuria | 1 (0.07) |
*Kadazan/Dusun, Melanau, Bajau, Bidayuh, Iban, Orang Ulu, Lundayeh, Kayan, Kedayan, Sabahan, Kadayan, Suluk, Tidung, Bisaya.
†Oxygen delivered by nasal cannula, nasal prong, or face mask.
‡Mechanical ventilation that does not use an artificial airway such as endotracheal tube.
§Inflammation of brain or degeneration of brain function.
Page created: July 25, 2011
Page updated: July 25, 2011
Page reviewed: July 25, 2011
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