Volume 17, Number 8—August 2011
Dispatch
Risk Factors for Death from Pandemic (H1N1) 2009, Southern Brazil
Renata T.C. Yokota
, Lacita M. Skalinski, Cristine N. Igansi, Libia R.O. de Souza, Betine P.M. Iser, Priscilleyne O. Reis, Eliana N.C. Barros, Eduardo M. Macário, Marilina A. Bercini, Tani M.S. Ranieri, and Wildo N. Araújo
, Lacita M. Skalinski, Cristine N. Igansi, Libia R.O. de Souza, Betine P.M. Iser, Priscilleyne O. Reis, Eliana N.C. Barros, Eduardo M. Macário, Marilina A. Bercini, Tani M.S. Ranieri, and Wildo N. Araújo
Table 2
Characteristics of hospitalized pandemic (H1N1) 2009 case-patients, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2009*
| Characteristic |
Outcome, no. (%) case-patients | Unadjusted | Adjusted† | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Died |
Survived |
OR (95% CI) |
p value |
OR (95% CI) |
p value |
|||
| Demographic | ||||||||
| Male sex | 30 (58) | 48 (46) | 1.6 (0.8–3.2) | 0.16 | NC | NC | ||
| Current smoker | 15 (30) | 19 (21) | 1.6 (0.7–3.6) | 0.21 | NC | NC | ||
| Former smoker |
4 (8) |
15 (18) |
0.4 (0.1–1.3) |
0.13 |
NC |
NC |
||
| Underlying medical condition‡ | 30 (58) | 57 (54) | 1.1 (0.6–2.2) | 0.69 | NC | NC | ||
| Diabetes | 14 (27) | 9 (9) | 3.9 (1.6–9.8) | 0.01 | 4.4 (1.5–12.8) | <0.01 | ||
| Chronic lung disease | 9 (19) | 14 (18) | 1.1 (0.4–2.7) | 0.87 | NC | NC | ||
| Immunosuppression | 2 (4) | 9 (12) | 0.3 (0.1–1.7) | 0.14 | NC | NC | ||
| Chronic cardiovascular disease | 5 (11) | 3 (4) | 3.0 (0.7–13.1) | 0.13 | NC | NC | ||
| Chronic renal disease | 1 (2) | 5 (6) | 0.3 (0.1–2.8) | 0.27 | NC | NC | ||
| Pregnancy§ | 5 (28) | 10 (24) | 1.2 (0.3–4.2) | 0.51 | NC | NC | ||
| Age <5 y | 2 (4) | 14 (13) | 0.3 (0.1–1.2) | 0.06 | NC | NC | ||
| Age >60 y |
4 (8) |
3 (3) |
2.8 (0.6–13.2) |
0.17 |
NC |
NC |
||
| Class III obesity¶ |
26 (57) |
27 (29) |
5.3 (1.3–21.7) |
<0.01 |
6.2 (1.3–29.2) |
0.02 |
||
| Oseltamivir treatment | 25 (48) | 64 (61) | 0.6 (0.3– 1.2) | 0.12 | NC | NC | ||
| Oseltamivir <48 h after symptom onset | 2 (12) | 12 (19) | 0.4 (0.1–1.8) | 0.18 | NC | NC | ||
| Steroid treatment | 32 (71) | 51 (57) | 0.5 (0.3–1.2) | 0.12 | NC | NC | ||
| Antimicrobial drug treatment | 99 (94) | 49 (94) | 1.0 (0.2–4.1) | 0.99 | NC | NC | ||
*OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; NC, not calculated.
†Adjusted for sex and age group (reference age 0–5 years).
‡Obesity excluded.
§Women of reproductive age included (15–49 years).
¶Class III obesity was a body mass index >40 kg/m2. Patients <19 years of age and pregnant women were excluded.
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Page updated: August 15, 2011
Page reviewed: August 15, 2011
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