Volume 18, Number 5—May 2012
Research
Bartonella spp. Bacteremia and Rheumatic Symptoms in Patients from Lyme Disease–endemic Region
Ricardo G. Maggi, B. Robert Mozayeni, Elizabeth L. Pultorak, Barbara C. Hegarty, Julie M. Bradley, Maria Correa, and Edward B. Breitschwerdt
Table 3
Factors associated with Bartonella spp. positivity by PCR, among 296 patients examined by a rheumatologist, Maryland–Washington, DC, USA, August 25, 2008–April 1, 2009*
| Variable | B. henselae, no. (%) |
B. koehlerae, no. (%) |
B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii, no. (%) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive, n = 40 | Negative, n = 256 | p value† | Positive, n = 54 | Negative, n = 242 | p value† | Positive, n = 10 | Negative, n = 286 | p value† | |||
| Sex | |||||||||||
| F | 24 (60.0) | 181 (70.7) | 0.17 | 38 (70.4) | 167 (69.0) | 0.84 | 7 (70.0) | 198 (69.2) | 0.99 | ||
| M | 16 (40.0) | 75 (29.3) | 16 (29.6) | 75 (30.1) | 3 (30.0) | 88 (30.7) | |||||
| Self-reported health status | |||||||||||
| Healthy | 12 (33.3) | 70 (29.2) | 0.77 | 13 (27.1) | 69 (29.2) | 0.11 | 3 (30.0) | 79 (29.8) | 0.59 | ||
| Infrequently Ill | 7 (19.4) | 46 (18.5) | 14 (29.2) | 39 (16.5) | 3 (30.0) | 50 (18.3) | |||||
| Chronically Ill | 17 (47.2) | 132 (53.2) | 21 (43.7) | 128 (54.3) | 4 (40.0) | 145 (52.9) | |||||
| Signs or symptoms | |||||||||||
| Fatigue | 38 (95.0) | 226 (88.3) | 0.27 | 48 (88.9) | 216 (89.3) | 0.93 | 9 (90.0) | 255 (89.2) | 0.93 | ||
| Headache | 25 (62.5) | 155 (60.5) | 0.81 | 32 (59.2) | 148 (61.2) | 0.79 | 8 (80.0) | 172 (60.2) | 0.32 | ||
| Difficulty remembering | 32 (80.0) | 174 (84.5) | 0.12 | 38 (70.4) | 168 (69.4) | 0.89 | 4 (40.0) | 202 (70.6) | 0.07 | ||
| Confusion | 25 (62.5) | 132 (51.5) | 0.20 | 29 (53.7) | 128 (52.9) | 0.91 | 4 (40.0) | 153 (59.6) | 0.52 | ||
| Disorientation | 18 (45.0) | 82 (32.0) | 0.10 | 14 (25.9) | 86 (35.5) | 0.17 | 2 (20.0) | 98 (34.3) | 0.50 | ||
| Irritability | 30 (75.0) | 153 (59.7) | 0.06 | 32 (59.3) | 151 (62.4) | 0.66 | 5 (50.0) | 178 (62.2) | 0.51 | ||
| Blurred vision | 23 (57.5) | 100 (39.1) | 0.03 | 23 (42.6) | 100 (41.3) | 0.86 | 3 (30.0) | 120 (41.9) | 0.45 | ||
| Eye pain | 16 (40.0) | 78 (30.5) | 0.23 | 18 (33.3) | 76 (31.4) | 0.78 | 3 (30.0) | 91 (31.8) | 0.99 | ||
| Sleeplessness | 32 (80.0) | 188 (73.4) | 0.37 | 36 (66.7) | 184 (76.0) | 0.15 | 8 (80.0) | 212 (74.1) | 0.67 | ||
| Insomnia | 22 (55.0) | 153 (59.7) | 0.56 | 33 (61.1) | 142 (58.7) | 0.74 | 5 (50.0) | 170 (59.4) | 0.55 | ||
| Balance problems | 24 (60.0) | 123 (48.0) | 0.16 | 26 (48.2) | 121 (50.0) | 0.80 | 4 (40.0) | 143 (50.0) | 0.75 | ||
| Tremors/shaking | 17 (42.5) | 92 (35.9) | 0.42 | 17 (31.5) | 92 (38.0) | 0.36 | 5 (50.0) | 104 (36.4) | 0.51 | ||
| Muscle weakness | 28 (70.0) | 161 (62.9) | 0.38 | 36 (66.7) | 153 (63.2) | 0.63 | 8 (80.0) | 181 (63.3) | 0.34 | ||
| Paralysis | 3 (7.5) | 13 (5.1) | 0.52 | 3 (5.6) | 13 (5.4) | 0.95 | 2 (20.0) | 14 (4.9) | 0.04 | ||
| Muscle pain | 31 (77.5) | 176 (68.7) | 0.26 | 36 (66.7) | 171 (70.6) | 0.56 | 6 (60.0) | 201 (70.3) | 0.49 | ||
| Numbness | 28 (70.0) | 128 (50.0) | 0.01 | 25 (46.3) | 131 (54.1) | 0.29 | 7 (70.0) | 149 (52.1) | 0.34 | ||
| Joint pain | 31 (77.5) | 199 (77.3) | 0.97 | 41 (75.9) | 189 (78.1) | 0.73 | 10 (100) | 220 (76.9) | 0.12 | ||
| Chronic fatigue | 27 (67.5) | 180 (70.3) | 0.71 | 37 (68.5) | 170 (70.3) | 0.80 | 7 (70.0) | 200 (69.9) | 0.99 | ||
| Bowel/bladder dysfunction | 17 (42.5) | 95 (37.1) | 0.51 | 19 (35.2) | 93 (38.4) | 0.66 | 5 (50.0) | 107 (37.4) | 0.41 | ||
| Shortness of breath | 19 (47.5) | 98 (38.3) | 0.26 | 21 (38.9) | 96 (39.7) | 0.91 | 3 (30.0) | 114 (39.8) | 0.74 | ||
| Poor appetite | 8 (20.0) | 75 (29.3) | 0.22 | 12 (22.2) | 71 (29.3) | 0.29 | 1 (10.0) | 82 (28.6) | 0.29 | ||
| Weight loss | 7 (17.5) | 52 (20.3) | 0.67 | 6 (11.1) | 53 (21.9) | 0.07 | 1 (10.0) | 58 (20.3) | 0.69 | ||
| Depression | 20 (50.0) | 126 (49.2) | 0.92 | 28 (51.9) | 118 (48.7) | 0.68 | 4 (40.0) | 142 (49.6) | 0.75 | ||
| Syncope | 4 (10.0) | 41 (16.0) | 0.32 | 8 (14.8) | 37 (5.3) | 0.93 | 2 (20.0) | 43 (15.0) | 0.66 | ||
| Consultation with neurologist | 23 (57.5) | 87 (33.9) | <0.01 | 22 (40.7) | 88 (36.4) | 0.56 | 3 (30.0) | 107 (37.4) | 0.63 | ||
| Consultation with infectious disease physician | 16 (40.0) | 104 (40.6) | 0.94 | 29 (53.7) | 91 (37.6) | 0.03 | 4 (40.0) | 116 (40.7) | 0.97 | ||
†Median ages, compared by using Wilcoxon rank-sum test, for positive and negative results, respectively, were B. henselae, 42.5, 44.0, p = 0.43; B. koehlarae, 48.0, 43.0, p = 0.03; and B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii, 46.5, 44.0, p = 0.64.
*Results of χ2 analysis (Fisher exact test used when expected cell value <5).
Page created: April 12, 2012
Page updated: April 12, 2012
Page reviewed: April 12, 2012
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.