Volume 20, Number 6—June 2014
Dispatch
Timeliness of Yellow Fever Surveillance, Central African Republic
Antoine Rachas1, Emmanuel Nakouné, Julie Bouscaillou, Juliette Paireau, Benjamin Selekon, Dominique Senekian, Arnaud Fontanet, and Mirdad Kazanji
Table 2
Factors associated with timeliness of yellow fever surveillance, Central African Republic, 2007–2012*
| Factor | Mean timeliness, d | Adjusted time ratio (95% CI) | p value† |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | |||
| <14 | 15.3 | 1.00 | NA |
| 15–24 | 16.5 | 1.13 (1.08–1.18) | NA |
| 25–34 | 16.8 | 1.15 (1.09–1.21) | NA |
| ≥35 |
18.6 |
1.21 (1.15–1.27) |
<0.001 |
| Sex | |||
| M | 16.6 | 1.00 | NA |
| F |
16.5 |
1.01 (0.98–1.05) |
0.43 |
| Onset during rainy season | |||
| No | 16.7 | 1.00 | NA |
| Yes |
16.5 |
1.01 (0.97–1.04) |
NA |
| Province of residence | |||
| Bangui | 14.8 | 1.00 | NA |
| Ombella M’Poko | 15.7 | 1.07 (1.02–1.12) | NA |
| Lobaye | 16.8 | 1.18 (1.09–1.28) | NA |
| Sangha Mbaéré | 17.6 | 1.17 (0.93–1.46) | NA |
| Mambéré Kadéi | 18.0 | 1.21 (1.03–1.41) | NA |
| Nana Mambéré | 20.7 | 1.43 (1.22–1.67) | NA |
| Ouham Péndé | 15.5 | 1.10 (1.01–1.19) | NA |
| Ouham | 17.0 | 1.19 (1.08–1.32) | NA |
| Nana Grigbizi | 22.9 | 1.56 (1.39–1.77) | NA |
| Kemo | 19.4 | 1.35 (1.21–1.51) | NA |
| Bamingui Bangoran | 17.5 | 1.24 (1.01–1.53) | NA |
| Ouaka | 19.2 | 1.34 (1.24–1.46) | NA |
| Basse Kotto | 16.5 | 1.19 (1.10–1.29) | NA |
| Vakaga | 20.1 | 1.38 (1.16–1.65) | NA |
| Haute Kotto | 17.4 | 1.25 (1.13–1.39) | NA |
| Mbomou | 26.2 | 1.86 (1.66–2.09) | NA |
| Haut Mbomou |
23.9 |
1.72 (1.37–2.15) |
<0.001 |
| Vaccination against yellow fever | |||
| Never | 16.6 | 1.00 | NA |
| >10 y ago | 16.9 | 1.01 (0.93–1.09) | NA |
| ≤10 y ago | 16.3 | 1.01 (0.96–1.05) | NA |
| Unknown date |
16.1 |
1.06 (0.92–1.23) |
0.85 |
| Year of onset | |||
| 2007 | 17.8 | 1.00 | NA |
| 2008 | 17.3 | 1.02 (0.95–1.09) | NA |
| 2009 | 14.7 | 0.91 (0.85–0.98) | NA |
| 2010 | 16.8 | 1.04 (0.97–1.12) | NA |
| 2011 | 17.8 | 1.10 (1.02–1.18) | NA |
| 2012 | 16.6 | 1.05 (0.96–1.15) | <0.001 |
*Adjusted time ratios are from a parametric survival model assuming log-normal distribution of the event times. A time ratio represents a relative increase in time between 2 groups. Timeliness was defined as the delay between the date of onset of jaundice (reported by the patient) and the date of ELISA result. NA, not applicable.
†By global Wald test.
1Current affiliation: European Hospital Georges Pompidou and Descartes University, Paris, France.
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