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Volume 22, Number 11—November 2016
Research

Risk Factors for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection among Healthcare Personnel

Basem M. Alraddadi, Hanadi S. Al-Salmi, Kara Jacobs-Slifka, Rachel B. Slayton, Concepcion F. Estivariz, Andrew I. Geller, Hanan H. Al-Turkistani, Sanaa S. Al-Rehily, Haleema A. Alserehi, Ghassan Y. Wali, Abeer N. Alshukairi, Esam I. Azhar, Lia M. Haynes, David L. Swerdlow, John A. Jernigan1, and Tariq A. Madani1Comments to Author 
Author affiliations: King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (B.M. Alraddadi, H.S. Al-Salmi, H.H. Al-Turkistani, S.S. Al-Rehily, H.A. Alserehi, G.Y. Wali, A.N. Alshukairi); Ministry of Health, Jeddah (B.M. Alraddadi, E.I. Azhar, T.A. Madani); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (K. Jacobs-Slifka, R.B. Slayton, C.F. Estivariz, A.I. Geller, L. Haynes, D.L. Swerdlow, J.A. Jernigan); King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah (E.I. Azhar, T.A. Madani)

Main Article

Table 3

PPE used by healthcare personnel during care of MERS-CoV patients, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, March–July 2014*

PPE used, contact type Always wore PPE,† 
no. seropositive/total‡ (%) Sometimes/never wore PPE,§ no. seropositive/total‡ (%) RR (95% CI) p value
Gloves 18/197 (9.1) 0/21 (0) NA NA
Gown
 11/139 (7.9)
 7/79 (8.9)
 0.89 (0.36–2.21)
 0.81
Eye protection
Direct contact 1/47 (2.1) 17/165 (10.3) 0.21 (0.03–1.51) 0.13
Aerosol-generating procedure
 3/62 (4.8)
 11/100 (11.0)
 0.44 (0.13–1.51)
 0.25
Covering of nose and mouth with medical mask or N95 respirator¶
Direct patient contact 11/151 (7.3) 7/66 (10.6) 0.69 (0.28–1.69) 0.43
Aerosol-generating procedures
 8/133 (6.0)
 6/32 (18.8)
 0.32 (0.12–0.86)
 0.03
Medical mask
Direct patient contact 9/69 (13.0) 9/142# (6.3) 2.06 (0.86–4.95) 0.10
Aerosol-generating procedures
 5/81 (6.2)
 8/76 (10.5)
 0.59 (0.20–1.71)
 0.39
N95 respirator
Direct patient contact 6/116 (5.2) 12/101** (11.9) 0.44 (0.17–1.12) 0.07
Aerosol-generating procedures 5/90 (5.6) 9/73 (12.3) 0.45 (0.16–1.29) 0.16

*MERS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus; NA, not applicable; PPE, personal protective equipment; RR, relative risk.
†Reported always wearing PPE indicated in table row when caring for MERS-CoV patients.
‡Total number of healthcare personnel who responded to the question about PPE.
§Reported not always or never wearing PPE indicated in table row when caring for MERS-CoV patients.
¶Reported use of medical mask and N95 respirator were not mutually exclusive categories; therefore the number of healthcare personnel reporting always wearing either an N95 respirator or always wearing a medical mask does not sum to the “covering of nose and mouth with medical mask or N95 respirator” category.
#Of the 142 who reported not always or never wearing a medical mask, 139 (98%) reported always or not always wearing an N95 respirator (55% always, 45% not always).
**Of the 101 who sometimes or never wore an N95 respirator, 96 (95%) reported always or not always wearing a medical mask (35% always, 65% not always).

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: October 18, 2016
Page updated: October 18, 2016
Page reviewed: October 18, 2016
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