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Volume 22, Number 4—April 2016
Letter

Sustained Elevated Cytokine Levels during Recovery Phase of Mayaro Virus Infection

Dennis TappeComments to Author , José Vicente Pérez-Girón, Gudrun Just-Nübling, Gernot Schuster, Sergio Gómez-Medina, Stephan Günther, César Muñoz-Fontela, and Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit
Author affiliations: Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany (D. Tappe, S. Günther, C. Muñoz-Fontela, J. Schmidt-Chanasit); German Centre for Infection Research, Hamburg (D. Tappe, S. Günther, C. Muñoz-Fontela, J. Schmidt-Chanasit); Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg (J. Vicente Pérez-Girón, S. Gómez-Medina, C. Muñoz-Fontela); J.W. Goethe University Center for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Frankfurt, Germany (G. Just-Nübling); Praxis Schuster, Reinhardshagen, Germany (G. Schuster)

Main Article

Figure

Changes in cytokine and growth factor levels in the acute and recovery phase of Mayaro fever. Box-and-whisker plots show median, upper and lower quartile, minimum, and maximum values. A) During the prolonged recovery phase, serum levels of interleukin (IL) 5–10, IL-13, and IL-17 were significantly elevated compared with levels for healthy controls. IL-10 levels were also significantly increased during the acute phase, as were IL-12p70 levels. B) Significantly increased serum concentrations of in

Figure. Changes in cytokine and growth factor levels in the acute and recovery phase of Mayaro fever. Box-and-whisker plots show median, upper and lower quartile, minimum, and maximum values. A) During the prolonged recovery phase, serum levels of interleukin (IL) 5–10, IL-13, and IL-17 were significantly elevated compared with levels for healthy controls. IL-10 levels were also significantly increased during the acute phase, as were IL-12p70 levels. B) Significantly increased serum concentrations of interferon-γ (IFN-γ)–induced protein 10 (IP-10), regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), macrophage inflammatory proteins (MIP)–1α and –1β, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and IFN-γ were detected in the prolonged recovery phase; significant elevations were also seen in the acute phase for RANTES and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) concentrations showed a nonsignificant median decrease during the acute phase, whereas eotaxin levels were significantly decreased at that time. *p<0.05 and **p<0.01, versus values for healthy controls (Kruskal-Wallis test).

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Page updated: March 16, 2016
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