Volume 24, Number 6—June 2018
Dispatch
Urban Wild Boars and Risk for Zoonotic Streptococcus suis, Spain
Table 1
Sequence type and virulence associated gene profile of the Streptococcus suis serotype 2 strains isolated from wild boars and humans in metropolitan area of Barcelona, Spain, 2012–2015*
Source | Year | Clinical infection | MLST | Virulence genes | References | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mrp |
ef |
sly |
|||||
Human male, 57 y of age | 2012 | Meningitis, arthritis, bacteremia | ST3 | + | + | + | (10) |
Human male, 48 y of age | 2014 | Meningitis, arthritis | ST1 | + | + | + | This study |
Wild boar | 2015 | No | ST1 | + | + | + | This study |
Wild boar | 2015 | No | ST1 | + | + | + | This study |
Wild boar | 2015 | No | ST1 | + | + | + | This study |
*MLST, multilocus sequence typing; ST, sequence type.
References
- Massei G, Kindberg J, Licoppe A, Gačić D, Šprem N, Kamler J, et al. Wild boar populations up, numbers of hunters down? A review of trends and implications for Europe. Pest Manag Sci. 2015;71:492–500. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Castillo-Contreras R, Carvalho J, Serrano E, Mentaberre G, Fernández-Aguilar X, Colom A, et al. Urban wild boars prefer fragmented areas with food resources near natural corridors. Sci Total Environ. 2018;615:282–8. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Jansen A, Luge E, Guerra B, Wittschen P, Gruber AD, Loddenkemper C, et al. Leptospirosis in urban wild boars, Berlin, Germany. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13:739–42. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Goyette-Desjardins G, Auger J-P, Xu J, Segura M, Gottschalk M. Streptococcus suis, an important pig pathogen and emerging zoonotic agent-an update on the worldwide distribution based on serotyping and sequence typing. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2014;3:e45. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Huong VTL, Ha N, Huy NT, Horby P, Nghia HDT, Thiem VD, et al. Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and outcomes of Streptococcus suis infection in humans. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20:1105–14. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Rosenkranz M, Elsner H-A, Stürenburg HJ, Weiller C, Röther J, Sobottka I. Streptococcus suis meningitis and septicemia contracted from a wild boar in Germany. J Neurol. 2003;250:869–70. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Ishida S, Tien HT, Osawa R, Tohya M, Nomoto R, Kawamura Y, et al. Development of an appropriate PCR system for the reclassification of Streptococcus suis. J Microbiol Methods. 2014;107:66–70. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Okura M, Lachance C, Osaki M, Sekizaki T, Maruyama F, Nozawa T, et al. Development of a two-step multiplex PCR assay for typing of capsular polysaccharide synthesis gene clusters of Streptococcus suis. J Clin Microbiol. 2014;52:1714–9. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Gottschalk M, Higgins R, Boudreau M. Use of polyvalent coagglutination reagents for serotyping of Streptococcus suis. J Clin Microbiol. 1993;31:2192–4.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Gómez-Zorrilla S, Ardanuy C, Lora-Tamayo J, Cámara J, García-Somoza D, Peña C, et al. Streptococcus suis infection and malignancy in man, Spain. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20:1067–8. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- King SJ, Leigh JA, Heath PJ, Luque I, Tarradas C, Dowson CG, et al. Development of a multilocus sequence typing scheme for the pig pathogen Streptococcus suis: identification of virulent clones and potential capsular serotype exchange. J Clin Microbiol. 2002;40:3671–80. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Silva LMG, Baums CG, Rehm T, Wisselink HJ, Goethe R, Valentin-Weigand P. Virulence-associated gene profiling of Streptococcus suis isolates by PCR. Vet Microbiol. 2006;115:117–27. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Versalovic J, Koeuth T, Lupski JR. Distribution of repetitive DNA sequences in eubacteria and application to fingerprinting of bacterial genomes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991;19:6823–31. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Baums CG, Verkühlen GJ, Rehm T, Silva LMG, Beyerbach M, Pohlmeyer K, et al. Prevalence of Streptococcus suis genotypes in wild boars of Northwestern Germany. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007;73:711–7. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Fittipaldi N, Segura M, Grenier D, Gottschalk M. Virulence factors involved in the pathogenesis of the infection caused by the swine pathogen and zoonotic agent Streptococcus suis. Future Microbiol. 2012;7:259–79. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar