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Volume 25, Number 4—April 2019
Research Letter

Effects of Political Instability in Venezuela on Malaria Resurgence at Ecuador–Peru Border, 2018

Robinson Jaramillo-Ochoa1, Rachel Sippy1, Daniel F. Farrell1, Cinthya Cueva-Aponte1, Efraín Beltrán-Ayala, Jose L. Gonzaga, Tania Ordoñez-León, Fernando A. Quintana, Sadie J. Ryan, and Anna M. Stewart-IbarraComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador, Machala, Ecuador (R. Jaramillo-Ochoa, J.L. Gonzaga, T. Ordoñez-León); State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA (R. Sippy, D.F. Farrell, C. Cueva-Aponte, A.M. Stewart-Ibarra); University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA (R. Sippy, S.J. Ryan); Universidad Técnica, Machala (E. Beltrán-Ayala); Ministerio de Salud de Peru, Tumbes, Peru (F.A. Quintana)

Main Article

Figure

Probable migration route of imported malaria cases described in study of effects of political instability in Venezuela on malaria resurgence at the Ecuador–Peru Border, 2018. A) Locations of the 4 countries along the migration route in South America; B) El Oro Province and Tumbes Region on the Ecuador–Peru border. The city of Huaquillas, Ecuador, is 70 km southwest of Machala, the location of the single autochthonous malaria case in this country. Huaquillas is the primary border crossing from Ec

Figure. Probable migration route of imported malaria cases described in study of effects of political instability in Venezuela on malaria resurgence at the Ecuador–Peru border, 2018. A) Locations of the 4 countries along the migration route in South America; B) El Oro Province and Tumbes Region on the Ecuador–Peru border. The city of Huaquillas, Ecuador, is 70 km southwest of Machala, the location of the single autochthonous malaria case in this province. Huaquillas is the primary border crossing from Ecuador into Peru. Tumbes, the source of the 3 autochthonous cases in Peru, is the capital of Tumbes Region and is 22 km from the border. Dashed line in panel B broadly denotes the migration route taken from Venezuela through Colombia and Ecuador to Peru. Note the proximity of these countries and additional potential malarial resurgence through migration to Central America, the Caribbean, and the United States.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

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