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Volume 25, Number 5—May 2019
Dispatch

Estimating Risk to Responders Exposed to Avian Influenza A H5 and H7 Viruses in Poultry, United States, 2014–2017

Sonja J. OlsenComments to Author , Jane A. Rooney, Lenee Blanton, Melissa A. Rolfes, Deborah I. Nelson, Thomas M. Gomez, Steven A. Karli, Susan C. Trock, and Alicia M. Fry
Author affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.J. Olsen, L. Blanton, M.A. Rolfes, S.C. Trock, A.M. Fry); US Department of Agriculture, Riverdale, Maryland, USA (J.A. Rooney, D.I. Nelson, T.M. Gomez, S.A. Karli)

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Table 2

Influenza virus detection in poultry and persons potentially exposed, ill and tested, United States, 2014–2017*

Time No. states Virus No. premises No. domestic poultry Total responders potentially exposed (by affiliation) No. ill persons positive for avian influenza/no. tested (95% CI) Other pathogens detected
Dec 2014–Jun 2015 15 H5N2, H5N8, H5N1† 242: all HPAI 50.4 million 3,962 (3,009 contractors, 773 USDA; 180 state/local) 0/5 (0–0.001) Not systematically collected
Jan 2016‡ 1 H7N8 9: 1 HPAI, 8 LPAI 414,000 519§ (374 contractors; 78 USDA; 67 state/local) 0/16¶ (0–0.007) 1 coronavirus OC43, 1 rhino/enterovirus
Mar 2017 4 H7N9 13: 2 HPAI, 11 LPAI 272,000 74# (45 USDA; 29 state/local) 0/2** (0–0.001) 1 coronavirus, 1 influenza B virus

*HPAI, highly pathogenic avian influenza; LPAI, low pathogenicity avian influenza; USDA, US Department of Agriculture.
†There were no data on persons potentially exposed in response to detection of reassortant H5N1 virus in wild birds. We were not able to differentiate the number of responders exposed to each virus separately.
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/wr/mm6748a2.htm
§In response to the outbreak of infection with North American wild bird lineage H7N8 virus (LPAI that mutated to HPAI on 1 premise) in poultry in the United States during 2016. Median time a responder was on a premise was 14 d (range 1 d–44 d).
¶All 16 responders reported >1 sign or symptom: 2 had fever, 11 cough, 6 conjunctivitis, 7 sore throat, 4 rhinorrhea, 3 muscle ache, and 2 difficulty breathing. Of 11 with information, 9 (82%) were tested within 2 d of illness onset.
#In response to the outbreak of infection with North American wild bird lineage H7N9 virus (LPAI with 1 mutation to HPAI) in poultry in the United States during 2017. Median time a responder was on a premise was 5 d (range 2 d–41 d).
**One responder infected with coronavirus reported coughing and sneezing. One responder infected with influenza B virus reported having a fever. No other signs or symptoms were reported from responders.

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Page created: April 18, 2019
Page updated: April 18, 2019
Page reviewed: April 18, 2019
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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