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Volume 26, Number 12—December 2020
CME ACTIVITY - Research

Tuberculosis among Children and Adolescents at HIV Treatment Centers in Sub-Saharan Africa

Anna M. Mandalakas1Comments to Author , Alexander W. Kay1, Jason M. Bacha, Tara Devezin, Rachel Golin, Katherine R. Simon, Dilsher Dhillon, Sandile Dlamini, Andrew DiNardo, Mogo Matshaba, Jill Sanders, Lineo Thahane, Pauline M. Amuge, Saeed Ahmed, Moorine P. Sekadde, Neway G. Fida, Bhekumusa Lukhele, Nodumo Chidah, David Damba, Joseph Mhango, Moses Chodota, Makhorong Matsoso, Angelina Kayabu, Richard S. Wanless, and Gordon E. Schutze
Author affiliations: Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA (A.M. Manadalakas, A.W. Kay, J.M. Bacha, T. Devezin, K.R. Simon, D. Dhillon, S. Dlamini, A. DiNardo, M. Matshaba, J. Sanders, L. Thahane, S. Ahmed, N. Chidah, D. Damba, M. Chodota, M. Matsoso, A. Kayabu, R.S. Wanless, G.E. Schutze); Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (A.M. Manadalakas, A.W. Kay, J.M. Bacha, T. Devezin, D. Dhillon, A. DiNardo, B. Lukhele, R.S. Wanless, G.E. Schutze); Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Foundation Swaziland, Mbabane, Swaziland (A.W. Kay, S. Dlamini, B. Lukhele); Baylor College of Medicine Children's Foundation Tanzania, Mbeya, Tanzania (J.M. Bacha); US Agency for International Development, Washington, DC, USA (R. Golin); Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Foundation Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi (K.R. Simon, S. Ahmed, J. Mhango); Technical Support to PEPFAR Programs in the Southern Africa Region, Lilongwe (K.R. Simon, S. Ahmed, J. Mhango); Botswana-Baylor Children’s Clinical Centre of Excellence, Gaborone, Botswana (M. Matshaba, N. Chidah); Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Foundation Lesotho, Maseru, Lesotho (J. Sanders, L. Thahane, M. Matsoso); Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Foundation Uganda, Kampala, Uganda (P.M. Amuge, D. Damba); National Tuberculosis and Leprosy Programme, Kampala, Uganda (M.P. Sekkade); US Agency for International Development, Pretoria, South Africa (N.G. Fida); Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Foundation Tanzania, Mwanza, Tanzania (M. Chodota, A. Kayabu)

Main Article

Table 1

Comparison of country-specific incidence of HIV-associated TB, 2013–2017*

Country
 TB incidence
no. per 100,000 patient-years (95% CI)
 WHO 2017 country estimates,
 no. per 100,000 persons (95% CI)
 TB incidence/WHO 2017 TB country estimate
fold difference
TB
 HIV-associated TB
Botswana 454 (299–608) 300 (232–376) 144 (93–206) 1.5
Eswatini 2,612 (2,205–3,020) 308 (236–389) 213 (138–304) 8.5
Lesotho 3,762 (3,376–4,148) 665 (430–949) 470 (298–680) 5.6
Malawi 1,159 (791–1,528) 131 (70–210) 65 (42–93) 8.8
Tanzania-Mwanza 4,385 (3,747–5,024) 269 (127–464) 84 (54–120) 16.3
Tanzania-Mbeya 3,995 (3,498–4,492) 269 (127–464) 84 (54–120) 14.8
Uganda 656 (546–766) 201 (118–305) 80 (52–114) 3.2

*TB incidence reflects the estimated new cases of TB disease among HIV-infected children and adolescents at each HIV treatment center. HIV-associated TB incidence rate reflects the estimated rate of HIV-associated TB relative to the population as a whole, including adults and children. TB, tuberculosis; WHO, World Health Organization.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: September 10, 2020
Page updated: December 01, 2020
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