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Volume 27, Number 10—October 2021
Synopsis

Distribution and Characteristics of Human Plague Cases and Yersinia pestis Isolates from 4 Marmota Plague Foci, China, 1950–2019

Zhaokai He1, Baiqing Wei1, Yujiang Zhang1, Jun Liu1, Jinxiao Xi1, Dunzhu Ciren1, Teng Qi1, Junrong Liang, Ran Duan, Shuai Qin, Dongyue Lv, Yuhuang Chen, Meng Xiao, Rong Fan, Zhizhong Song, Huaiqi Jing, and Xin WangComments to Author 
Author affiliations: National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China (Z. He, J. Liang, R. Duan, S. Qin, D. Lv, M. Xiao, R. Fan, H. Jing, X. Wang); Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Control and Prevention, Xining, China (B. Wei); Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China (Y. Zhang); Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, China (J. Liu); Gansu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou, China (J. Xi); Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, China (D. Ciren); Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China (T. Qi); Shenzhen Nanshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China (Y. Chen); Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China (Z. Song)

Main Article

Table 1

Ecologic characteristics of Marmota plague foci, China, 1950–2019

Characteristics Marmota himalayana* Marmota baibacina–Spermophilus undulatus† Marmota caudata‡ Marmota sibirica§
Year Yersinia pestis first isolated
 1954
 1955
 1956
 1923
Regions
 Qinghai Province, Gansu Province, Tibet Autonomous Region, Sichuan Province, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
 Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
 Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
Hosts
 Himalayan marmot
 Gray marmot, long-tailed ground squirrel
 Red marmot
 Tarbagan marmot
Vectors
 Callopsylla dolabris, Oropsylla silantiewi fleas
 O. silantiewi, Citellophilus tesquorum fleas
 O. silantiewi fleas
 O. silantiewi fleas
Altitude
 2,700–5,450 m
 1,600–4,000 m
 2,800–5,000 m
 600–800 m
Hibernation
Start September–October September Mid-September Late September–early October
End
 Late March–mid-April
 Early- to mid-April
 Early April
 Late March–early April
Animal plague season April–October May-September May–August NA¶
Peak
 June–July
 July
 July
 NA¶
Habitat High-frigid shrubs, meadow-steppe Forest-meadow-steppe, alpine meadow-steppe Alpine steppe Low mountains and hills, meadow-steppe

*Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. †Tianshan Mountains. ‡Pamirs Plateau. §Hulun Buir Plateau of Inner Mongolia. ¶No Y. pestis isolated since 1926.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: July 21, 2021
Page updated: October 13, 2021
Page reviewed: October 13, 2021
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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