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Volume 27, Number 3—March 2021
Research

Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection in Children during the First 6 Years of Life, Finland

Stina SyrjänenComments to Author , Marjut Rintala, Marja Sarkola, Jaana Willberg, Jaana Rautava, Hanna Koskimaa, Anna Paaso, Kari Syrjänen, Seija Grénman1, and Karolina Louvanto1
Author affiliations: University of Turku, Turku, Finland (S. Syrjänen, M. Rintala, J. Willberg, J. Rautava, H. Koskimaa, A. Paaso, S. Grenman, K. Louvanto); Central Hospital of Lahti, Lahti, Finland (M. Sarkola); Biohit Oyj, Helsinki, Finland (K. Syrjänen)

Main Article

Table 3

Predictors of incident, cleared, and persistent high-risk HPV infection in oral mucosa of children*

Predictor Oral high-risk HPV infection
Incident, IRR (95% CI)† Clearance, IRR (95% CI)† Persistence,‡ OR (95% CI)†
Oral HPV DNA
Mother 1.05 (0.49–2.27) 1.72 (0.95–3.10) 1.92 (1.35–2.74)
Father
 1.80 (0.79–4.08)
 1.60 (0.70–3.65)
 1.39 (0.57–3.39)
Seropositive to high-risk HPV at baseline
Mother 1.67 (0.67–4.12) 1.76 (0.74–4.20) 1.15 (0.75–1.76)
Father
 3.32 (1.24–8.91)
 5.84 (2.09–16.32)
 1.25 (0.61–2.53)
Seroconversion to high-risk HPV
Mother 2.20 (0.90–5.36) 2.86 (1.15–7.10) 1.60 (1.02–2.50)
Father 1.10 (0.57–2.10) 1.44 (0.46–4.49) 0.92 (0.39–2.17)
Child 0.83 (0.56–1.23) 1.48 (0.55–3.95) 0.93 (0.58–1.48)

*Values in bold are significant. Analyses were performed by using generalized estimating equation modeling (persistence) and Panel Poisson (incident and cleared) restricted to high-risk HPV types from species 7 (HPV genotypes: 18, 39, 45, 59, 68, 70, 85) and 9 (HPV genotypes: 16, 31, 33, 35, 52, 58). HPV70 was also included in the analyses even if labeled as a low-risk HPV genotype in the insert of the Multiplex Kit (Progen Biotechnik GmbH, https://www.progen.com). HPV70 can be a possible carcinogen (limited evidence according to International Agency for Research on Cancer classification. HPV, human papillomavirus; IRR, incidence rate ratio; OR, odds ratio.
†Adjusted for age and all significant (and borderline significant) univariates in the model.
‡Binary outcome (persistent/not persistent), as defined by persistence of the 2 original HPV species (same genotype) during the follow-up.

Main Article

1These senior authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: December 22, 2020
Page updated: February 21, 2021
Page reviewed: February 21, 2021
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