Volume 27, Number 6—June 2021
CME ACTIVITY - Synopsis
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in a Large Metropolitan Center, Mexico–United States Border, 2009–2019
Oscar E. Zazueta
, Paige A. Armstrong, Adriana Márquez-Elguea, Néstor Saúl Hernández Milán, Amy E. Peterson, Diego F. Ovalle-Marroquín, Maria Fierro, Rodolfo Arroyo-Machado, Moises Rodriguez-Lomeli, Guillermo Trejo-Dozal, and Christopher D. Paddock
, Paige A. Armstrong, Adriana Márquez-Elguea, Néstor Saúl Hernández Milán, Amy E. Peterson, Diego F. Ovalle-Marroquín, Maria Fierro, Rodolfo Arroyo-Machado, Moises Rodriguez-Lomeli, Guillermo Trejo-Dozal, and Christopher D. Paddock
Table 2
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with PCR- and IFA-positive cases of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Mexicali, Mexico, 2009–2019*
| Characteristic | Total | PCR-positive | IFA-positive | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. patients |
759 |
341 |
418 |
|
| Sex | ||||
| F | 433 (57.05) | 170 (49.85) | 263 (62.92) | <0.001 |
| M |
326 (42.95) |
171 (50.15) |
155 (37.08) |
|
| Age, y (mean ± SD) | 23.94 (± 17.67) | 24.38 (± 18.89) | 23.59 (± 16.62) | 0.540 |
| Hospitalized | 394 (51.91) | 271 (79.47) | 123 (29.43) | <0.001 |
| Died |
136 (17.92) |
125 (36.66) |
11 (2.63) |
<0.001 |
| Signs and symptoms | ||||
| Fever | 759 (100) | 341 (100) | 418 (100) | 0.999 |
| Headache | 656 (86.43) | 288 (84.46) | 368 (88.04) | 0.166 |
| Myalgia | 468 (61.66) | 229 (67.16) | 239 (57.18) | 0.005 |
| Arthralgia | 403 (53.10) | 197 (57.77) | 206 (49.28) | 0.023 |
| Retro orbital pain | 82 (10.80) | 26 (7.04) | 58 (13.88) | 0.003 |
| Rash | 328 (43.27) | 181 (53.24) | 147 (35.17) | <0.001 |
| Pruritis | 139 (18.31) | 56 (16.42) | 83 (19.86) | 0.258 |
| Vomiting | 322 (42.42) | 188 (55.13) | 134 (32.06) | <0.001 |
| Nausea | 366 (48.22) | 206 (60.41) | 160 (38.28) | <0.001 |
| Chills | 274 (36.10) | 127 (37.24) | 147 (35.17) | 0.595 |
| Photophobia | 78 (10.28) | 29 (8.50) | 49 (11.72) | 0.152 |
| Abdominal pain | 345 (45.45) | 191 (56.01) | 154 (36.84) | <0.001 |
| Diarrhea | 188 (24.77) | 112 (32.84) | 76 (18.18) | <0.001 |
| Conjunctivitis | 110 (14.49) | 40 (11.73) | 70 (16.75) | 0.062 |
| Nasal congestion | 109 (14.36) | 34 (9.97) | 75 (17.94) | 0.002 |
| Cough | 189 (24.93) | 72 (21.18) | 117 (27.99) | 0.035 |
| Pharyngitis | 156 (20.58) | 69 (20.23) | 87 (20.86) | 0.857 |
| Rhinitis | 106 (13.97) | 34 (9.97) | 72 (17.22) | 0.004 |
| Hepatomegaly | 68 (8.96) | 44 (12.90) | 24 (5.74) | 0.001 |
| Splenomegaly | 31 (4.08) | 21 (6.16) | 10 (2.39) | 0.010 |
| Adenomegaly | 17 (2.24) | 7 (2.05) | 10 (2.39) | 0.810 |
| Jaundice | 40 (5.27) | 26 (7.62) | 14 (3.35) | 0.013 |
| Hemorrhage | 87 (11.46) | 60 (17.60) | 27 (6.46) | <0.001 |
| Seizures | 32 (4.22) | 30 (8.80) | 2 (0.48) | <0.001 |
*Values are no. (%) except as indicated. We excluded from these analyses 20 patients who were positive by both assays.
Page created: April 15, 2021
Page updated: May 20, 2021
Page reviewed: May 20, 2021
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.