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Volume 27, Number 7—July 2021
Research

Susceptibility of Well-Differentiated Airway Epithelial Cell Cultures from Domestic and Wild Animals to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

Mitra Gultom, Matthias Licheri, Laura Laloli, Manon Wider, Marina Strässle, Philip V’kovski1, Silvio Steiner, Annika Kratzel, Tran Thi Nhu Thao, Lukas Probst, Hanspeter Stalder, Jasmine Portmann, Melle Holwerda, Nadine Ebert, Nadine Stokar-Regenscheit, Corinne Gurtner, Patrik Zanolari, Horst Posthaus, Simone Schuller, Amanda Vicente-Santos, Andres Moreira-Soto, Eugenia Corrales-Aguilar, Nicolas Ruggli, Gergely Tekes, Veronika von Messling, Bevan Sawatsky, Volker Thiel, and Ronald DijkmanComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (M. Gultom, M. Licheri, L. Laloli, M. Wider, M. Strässle, L. Probst, M. Holwerda, R. Dijkman); University of Bern Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Bern (M. Gultom, L. Laloli, M. Strässle, P. V’kovski, S. Steiner, A. Kratzel, T.T.N. Thao, H. Stalder, J. Portmann, M. Holwerda, N. Ebert, N. Stokar-Regenscheit, C. Gurtner, H. Posthaus, V. Thiel, R. Dijkman); Institute of Virology and Immunology, Bern and Mittelhäusern, Switzerland (M. Gultom, L. Laloli, M. Strässle, P. V’kovski, S. Steiner, A. Kratzel, T.T.N. Thao, H. Stalder, J. Portmann, M. Holwerda, N. Ebert, V. Thiel, R. Dijkman); University of Bern Graduate School for Biomedical Science, Bern (M. Gultom, L. Laloli, S. Steiner, A. Kratzel, T.T.N. Thao, L. Probst, M. Holwerda); Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern, Bern (M. Strässle); Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Bern, Bern (N. Stokar-Regenscheit, C. Gurtner, H. Posthaus); Clinic for Ruminants, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern (P. Zanolari); University of Bern Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Bern (S. Schuller); Virology-Research Center for tropical diseases (CIET), University of Costa Rica, Montes de Oca, Costa Rica (A. Vicente-Santos, A. Moreira-Soto, E. Corrales-Aguilar); Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany (A. Moreira-Soto); Institute of Virology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany (G. Tekes); Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen,; Germany (V. von Messling, B. Sawatsky)

Main Article

Figure 1

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 replication kinetics in diverse mammal species. We inoculated well-differentiated animal airway epithelial cell cultures derived from the tracheobronchial epithelial cells with 30.000 PFU of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 at either 33°C (panels A, C) or 37°C (panels B, D). We removed inoculated virus at 1 hour postinfection and washed the apical side 3 times. We further incubated cultures for 96 h. At the indicated time postinfection, we assessed apical virus release by quantitative reverse transcription PCR targeting the E gene (panels A, B) and plaque titration assays on Vero E6 cells (panels C, D). Error bars represent the average of 2 independent biologic replicates using airway epithelial cell cultures established from 1 or 2 biologic donors. The dotted lines on panels C and D indicate the detection limit of the assay. *Sturnira lilium bat; †Carollia perspicillata bat.

Figure 1. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 replication kinetics in diverse mammal species. We inoculated well-differentiated animal airway epithelial cell cultures derived from the tracheobronchial epithelial cells with 30.000 PFU of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 at either 33°C (panels A, C) or 37°C (panels B, D). We removed inoculated virus at 1 hour postinfection and washed the apical side 3 times. We further incubated cultures for 96 h. At the indicated time postinfection, we assessed apical virus release by quantitative reverse transcription PCR targeting the E gene (panels A, B) and plaque titration assays on Vero E6 cells (panels C, D). Error bars represent the average of 2 independent biologic replicates using airway epithelial cell cultures established from 1 or 2 biologic donors. The dotted lines on panels C and D indicate the detection limit of the assay. *Sturnira lilium bat; †Carollia perspicillata bat.

Main Article

1Current affiliation: Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

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Page updated: June 16, 2021
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