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Volume 28, Number 1—January 2022
Research

Serotype Replacement after Introduction of 10-Valent and 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines in 10 Countries, Europe

Germaine HanquetComments to Author , Pavla Krizova, Tina Dalby, Shamez N. Ladhani, J. Pekka Nuorti, Kostas Danis, Jolita Mereckiene, Mirjam J. Knol, Brita A. Winje, Pilar Ciruela, Sara de Miguel, Maria Eugenia Portillo, Laura MacDonald, Eva Morfeldt, Jana Kozakova, Palle Valentiner-Branth, Norman K. Fry, Hanna Rinta-Kokko, Emmanuelle Varon, Mary Corcoran, Arie van der Ende, Didrik F. Vestrheim, Carmen Munoz-Almagro, Juan-Carlos Sanz, Jesus Castilla, Andrew Smith, Birgitta Henriques-Normark, Edoardo Colzani, Lucia Pastore-Celentano, Camelia Savulescu, and the SpIDnet group1
Author affiliations: Epiconcept, Paris, France (G. Hanquet, C. Savulescu); Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium (G. Hanquet); National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic (P. Krizova, J. Kozakova); Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark (T. Dalby, P. Valentiner-Branth); Public Health England, London, UK (S.N. Ladhani, N.K. Fry); Tampere University, Tampere, Finland (J.P. Nuorti); Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland (J.P. Nuorti, H. Rinta-Kokko); Santé Publique France, the National Public Health Agency, Saint-Maurice, France (K. Danis); Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland, UK (J. Mereckiene); National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands (M.J. Knol); Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway (B.A. Winje, D.F. Vestrheim); Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain (P. Ciruela); CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain (P. Ciruela, C. Munoz-Almagro, J. Castilla); General Directorate of Public Health–Madrid Region, Madrid (S. de Miguel, J.-C. Sanz); Navarra Hospital Complex–IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain (M.E. Portillo); Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (L. MacDonald); Public Health Agency of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden (E. Morfeldt); Centre de Recherche Clinique et Biologique, Creteil, France (E. Varon); Children’s Health Ireland (CHI) at Temple Street, Dublin (M. Corcoran); Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (A. van der Ende); Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona (C. Munoz-Almagro); Universitat Internacional of Catalunya, Barcelona (C. Munoz-Almagro); Public Health Institute of Navarra–IdiSNA, Pamplona (J. Castilla); University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK (A. Smith); Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm (B. Henriques-Normark); K; arolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden (B. Henriques-Normark); European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm (E. Colzani, L. Pastore-Celentano)

Main Article

Table 1

PCV program uptake and history in 13 SpIDnet sites according to national and ECDC reports, Europe, 2011–2018*

Site Introduction of childhood PCV7 Introduction of PCV10 or PCV13 and schedule 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Vaccination of persons >65 y in 2018 (uptake on all, 2015–2018) No PCV7 y included
CZ Not universal, recommended and used in 2009 Universal PCV10 and PCV13 in 2010 (≈equal shares), 3+1 doses 81% 80% 77% 74% 71% 68% 67% 64% PCV13 (low) + PPV23 1
DK 2007, universal Universal PCV13 in 2010, 2+1 doses 89% 90% 91% 91% 91% 94% 96% 96% PCV13 (6%) + PPV23 (11%) 3
EN 2006, universal Universal PCV13 in 2010, 2+1 doses 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 94% 93% 93% PPV23 (70%) 3
FI Not introduced Universal PCV10 in 2010, 2+1 doses 90% 94% 94% 95% 96% 96% 96% 94% Groups at risk: PCV13 (12%) + PPV23 (2%) 0†
FR 2003 for children at risk, 2006 for all <2 y Universal PCV13 in 2010, 2+1 doses 94% 94% 95% 94% 95% 96% 95% 98% Groups at risk: PCV13 (4%) + PPV23 (7%) 6
IE 2008, universal Universal PCV13 in 2010, 2+1 doses 90% 93% 93% 92% 93% 91% 90% 93% PPV23 (36%), PCV13 in groups at risk 2
NL 2006, universal Universal PCV10 in 2011, 2+1 doses 95% 95% 95% 94% 94% 94% 93% 93% Groups at risk: PPV23 (PPV23 for all in 2020) 5
NO 2006, universal Universal PCV13 in 2011, 2+1 doses 93% 93% 93% 93% 93% 94% 92% 93% PPV23 (15%) 5
SC 2006, universal Universal PCV13 in 2010, 2+1 doses 94% 95% 96% 96% 95% 95% 95% 95% PPV23 (68%) 3
SE 2009, universal Universal PCV10 and PCV13 in 2010 (≈equal shares), 2+1 doses 98% 98% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% 97% Groups at risk: PPV23 1
CAT 2001 for groups at high risk and recommended for all‡ PCV13 recommended since 2010, universal since 2016, 3+1 doses§ ≈50% ≈50% ≈50% ≈50% 73% 73% 82% 93% PPV23 (60%) 4
MAD 2006, universal Universal PCV13 in 2010, interrupted in 2012–2014, 2+1 doses 100% 92% 77% 77% 99% 99% 92% 96% PCV13¶ (since 2018, 9%) + PPV23 (71%) 3
NAV 2001 for groups at high risk and recommended for all‡ PCV13 recommended since 2010, universal since 2016, 3+1 doses§ 70% 73% 75% 78% 81% 88% 88% 81% PPV23 (57%) 5

*Green denotes universal PCV10 and PCV13; dark blue denotes universal PCV13; light blue denotes PCV13 recommended (not universal); orange denotes universal PCV10. CAT, Catalonia; CZ, Czech Republic; DK, Denmark; ECDC, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control; EN, England; FI, Finland; FR, France; IE, Ireland; MAD, Madrid; NAV, Navarra; NL, the Netherlands; NOR, Norway; PCV, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; PCV7, 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; PCV10, 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; PCV13, 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; PPV23, 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine; SC, Scotland; SE, Sweden; SpIDnet, Streptococcus pneumoniae Invasive Disease network. †Because PCV7 was not used, the years 2005–2008 have been used as pre-PCV10/PCV13 years. ‡Recommended by pediatricians and not funded; uptake ≈50%. §PCV13 used almost exclusively; the PCV10 uptake in children <2 years of age was minimal (<1% in NAV and <5% in CAT). ¶PCV13 recommended in 2016 and 2017 for those 60 years of age, and since 2018 for all persons >60 years of age.

Main Article

1Members of the SpIDnet group who contributed are listed at the end of this article.

Page created: November 15, 2021
Page updated: December 20, 2021
Page reviewed: December 20, 2021
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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