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Volume 28, Supplement—December 2022
SUPPLEMENT ISSUE
Clinical

Adopting World Health Organization Multimodal Infection Prevention and Control Strategies to Respond to COVID-19, Kenya

Daniel KimaniComments to Author , Linus Ndegwa1, Mercy Njeru1, Eveline Wesangula1, Frankline Mboya1, Catherine Macharia1, Julius Oliech1, Herman Weyenga1, George Owiso1, Kamau Irungu1, Ulzii-Orshikh Luvsansharav2, and Amy Herman-Roloff2
Author affiliations: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya (D. Kimani, L. Ndegwa, M. Njeru, F. Mboya, J. Oliech, H. Weyenga, A. Herman-Roloff); Ministry of Health, Nairobi (E. Wesangula, K. Irungu); US Department of Health and Human Services, Nairobi (C. Macharia); International Training and Education Center for Health, Nairobi (G. Owiso); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (U.-O. Luvsansharav)

Main Article

Table 2

Assessment scores and remediation activities recommended for each COVID-19–related domain assessed in 777 health facilities, Kenya, 2020*

Domain Score, % Recommended remedial actions
Appropriate use of face masks
 89
 Conduct PPE training, provide IEC materials, provide a variety of masks, conduct IPC audits
Hand hygiene
 81
 Conduct HH training, provide IEC materials, provide HH supplies (soap and alcohol-based hand rub) and renovate/install HH facilities
Communication and reporting
 80
 Provide IPC/COVID-19 guidelines, develop patient referral algorithms and referral contacts
Cleaning and disinfection
 75
 Provide disinfectants and other supplies, develop SOPs, and conduct routine audits
Critical supplies
 71
 Estimate supply needs, train on inventory management, appoint a supply-management lead
Screening and triage
 69
 Create clear signage, mark patient sitting areas, and provide PPE, screening tools, and data collection tools to the triage nurse
Supplies
 67
 Estimate supply needs, train on inventory management, appoint a supply-management lead
Coordination
 62
 Activate IPC committee or appoint IPC focal person, establish a COVID-19 response team
IPC and COVID-19 guidelines
 53
 Provide updated IPC/COVID-19 guideline and orient healthcare workers on the same
Training
 53
 Provide in-person and virtual training, webinars, and facility education sessions
Preparing for a surge
 47
 Define facility capacity, create temporary isolation centers (e.g. tents) and link with home-based care
Management of linen
 44
 Provide SOPs on linen management, provide supplies, separate isolation linen from others
Care COVID-19 patients
 42
 Improve patient flow, create donning/doffing areas, develop SOPs on case management/IPC and airborne precautions for aerosol-generating activities
Monitoring healthcare workers
 38
 Provide healthcare worker risk assessment tools, screening, and monitoring of exposed workers
Appropriate use of gloves
 37
 Improve training, IEC materials, availability of gloves and HH supplies
Handling of human remains 22 SOPs for body management, training of morticians and those handling bodies

*HH, hand hygiene; IEC, information, education and communication; IPC, infection prevention and control; PPE, personal protective equipment; SOP, standard operating procedure.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

2These senior authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: June 23, 2022
Page updated: December 15, 2022
Page reviewed: December 15, 2022
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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