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Volume 28, Number 3—March 2022
Etymologia

Schizophyllum commune

Author affiliation: Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India

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Schizophyllum commune [skiz-of′-ǐ-ləm kom′-yoon]

Figure 1

Colony of Schizophyllum commune on a culture plate. Numerous sexual reproductive structures, or fruiting bodies, called basidiocarps can be seen. Note the split gills. Source: https://phil.cdc.gov/Details.aspx?pid=307

Figure 1. Colony of Schizophyllum commune on a culture plate. Numerous sexual reproductive structures, or fruiting bodies, called basidiocarps can be seen. Note the split gills. Source: https://phil.cdc.gov/Details.aspx?pid=307

Figure 2

Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries (1794–1878), who assigned the scientific name to Schizophyllum commune. Photograph by Emma Schenson, 1865. Source: Kungliga Biblioteket, Stockholm LIBRIS, Elias Fries, https://www.kb.se

Figure 2. Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries (1794–1878), who assigned the scientific name to Schizophyllum commune. Photograph by Emma Schenson, 1865. Source: Kungliga Biblioteket, Stockholm LIBRIS, Elias Fries, https://www.kb.se

Schizophyllum commune or split-gill mushroom, is an environmental, wood-rotting basidiomycetous fungus (Figure 1). Schizophyllum is derived from “Schíza” meaning split because of the appearance of radial, centrally split, gill like folds; “commune” means common or shared ownership or ubiquitous. Swedish mycologist, Elias Magnus Fries (1794–1878), the Linnaeus of Mycology, assigned the scientific name in 1815 (Figure 2). German mycologist Hans Kniep in 1930 discovered its sexual reproduction by consorting and recombining genomes with any one of numerous compatible mates (currently >2,800).

Isolation by Kligman in 1950 of fleshy fungus that had fan-shaped sporophores from a case of onychomycosis was regarded as interesting. However, it was dismissed as improbable because mushrooms were not known to invade animal tissue. This emerging fungal pathogen is characterized by the presence of clamp connections, hyphal spicules, and formation of basidiocarps with basidiospores.

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References

  1. Chowdhary  A, Kathuria  S, Agarwal  K, Meis  JF. Recognizing filamentous basidiomycetes as agents of human disease: A review. Med Mycol. 2014;52:78297. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Cooke  WB. The genus Schizophyllum. Mycologia. 1961;53:57599. DOIGoogle Scholar
  3. Greer  DL. Basidiomycetes as agents of human infections: a review. Mycopathologia. 1978;65:1339. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. O’Reilly  P. Schizophyllum commune, split gill fungus, 2016 [cited 2021 Aug 23]. https://www.first-nature.com/fungi/schizophyllum-commune.php
  5. Raper  CA, Fowler  TJ. Why study Schizophyllum? Fungal Genet Rep. 2004;51:306. DOIGoogle Scholar

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Cite This Article

DOI: 10.3201/eid2803.211051

Original Publication Date: February 02, 2022

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Monika Mahajan, Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Research Block A, Sector 12, Chandigarh 160012, India

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Page created: February 02, 2022
Page updated: February 21, 2022
Page reviewed: February 21, 2022
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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