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Volume 28, Number 5—May 2022
Research

Pertactin-Deficient Bordetella pertussis with Unusual Mechanism of Pertactin Disruption, Spain, 1986–2018

Alba Mir-Cros1, Albert Moreno-Mingorance1, M. Teresa Martín-Gómez, Raquel Abad, Iván Bloise, Magda Campins, Alejandro González-Praetorius, M. Nieves Gutiérrez, Héctor Martín-González, Carmen Muñoz-Almagro, M. Ángeles Orellana, Manuela de Pablos, Josep Roca-Grande, Carlos Rodrigo, M. Elena Rodríguez, Sonia Uriona, M. José Vidal, Tomàs Pumarola, M. Nieves Larrosa, and Juan José González-LópezComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron Campus, Barcelona, Spain (A. Mir-Cros, A. Moreno-Mingorance, M.T. Martín-Gómez, M. Campins, H. Martín-González, J. Roca-Grande, S. Uriona, T. Pumarola, M.N. Larrosa, J.J. González-López); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona (A. Mir-Cros, A. Moreno-Mingorance, T. Pumarola, M.N. Larrosa, J.J. González-López); Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (R. Abad); Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid (I. Bloise, M. de Pablos); Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Spain (A. González-Praetorius, M.E. Rodríguez); Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain (M.N. Gutiérrez); Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain (C. Muñoz-Almagro); Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona (C. Muñoz-Almagro); CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona (C. Muñoz-Almagro); Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid (M.Á. Orellana); Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain (C. Rodrigo); Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Barcelona (M.J. Vidal); CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Barcelona (T. Pumarola, M.N. Larrosa, J.J. González-López)

Main Article

Table 1

Changes in the pertussis vaccination program in Spain, 1986–2018*

Year Primary doses
 Booster doses
Vaccine type Schedule, mo Pertussis components Vaccine type Schedule Pertussis components
1975
 WCV
 3, 5, 7
 Inactivated whole cell
NA
 No booster
 NA
1996
 WCV
 2–3, 4–5, 6–7
 Inactivated whole cell
WCV
 15–18 mo
 Inactivated whole cell
1998/1999
 WCV
 2–3, 4–5, 6–7
 Inactivated whole cell
ACV
 18 mo
 PT, FHA, PRN
2001
 WCV
 2, 4, 6
 Inactivated whole cell
ACV
 18 mo, 4–6 y
 PT, FHA, PRN
2004†
 NA
 NA
 NA
acv
 Health workers caring for newborns
 PT, FHA, PRN or PT, FHA, PRN, FIM2, FIM3‡
2005/2006
 ACV
 2, 4, 6
 PT, FHA, PRN
ACV
 18 mo, 4–6 y
 PT, FHA, PRN
2012
 ACV
 2, 4, 6
 PT, FHA, PRN
ACV/acv
 18 mo (ACV), 4–6 y (acv)
 PT, FHA, PRN or PT, FHA, PRN, FIM2, FIM3‡
2013
 ACV
 2, 4, 6
 PT, FHA, PRN
ACV/acv
 18 mo (ACV), 6 y (acv)
 PT, FHA, PRN or PT, FHA, PRN, FIM2, FIM3‡
2014/2015§
 NA
 NA
 NA
acv
 From 27–28 through 32–36 wk of pregnancy
 PT, FHA, PRN or PT, FHA, PRN, FIM2, FIM3‡
2017 ACV 2, 4, 11 PT, FHA, PRN or PT, FHA¶ ACV/acv# 6 y PT, FHA, PRN or PT, FHA, PRN, FIM2, FIM3‡

*acv, diphtheria–tetanus–acellular pertussis vaccine with reduced antigenic load of diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis; ACV, diphtheria–tetanus–acellular pertussis vaccine; FHA, filamentous haemagglutinin; FIM2, type 2 fimbriae; FIM3, type 3 fimbriae; NA, not applicable; PRN, pertactin; PT, pertussis toxin; WCV, diphtheria–tetanus–whole-cell pertussis vaccine. †Introduction of healthcare worker vaccination. ‡The 5-component ACV, which also contains FIM2 and FIM3, is used in some booster doses. §Introduction of maternal pertussis vaccination. ¶At the end of 2013, use of an ACV not including the PRN component in primary vaccination was approved in Spain. #ACV vaccine is administered to children vaccinated with the 2+1 schedule when they reach 6 y of age. Children vaccinated with the 3+1 schedule receive the acv vaccine.

Main Article

1These authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: March 23, 2022
Page updated: April 19, 2022
Page reviewed: April 19, 2022
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