Volume 28, Number 9—September 2022
Research
Detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Children Migrating to Australia
Table 3
Factors associated with LTBI in applicants <15 years of age migrating to Australia, November 2015–June 2017*
Characteristic | Univariate regression analysis |
Multivariate regression analysis |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Odds ratio (95% CI) | p value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p value | ||
Sex | |||||
M | Referent | 0.449 | Referent | 0.481 | |
F |
1.04 (0.93–1.17) |
1.04 (0.93–1.17) |
|||
Age group, y | |||||
0–4 | 0.78 (0.69–0.88) | <0.001 | 0.84 (0.74–0.95) | 0.007 | |
5–9 | Referent | Referent | |||
10–14 |
1.55 (1.31–1.83) |
<0.001 |
1.40 (1.17–1.65) |
<0.001 |
|
Region of origin | |||||
Northeast Asia | Referent | Referent | |||
Oceania | 0.48 (0.31–0.75) | 0.001 | 0.53 (0.35–0.83) | 0.005 | |
Northwest Europe | 0.68 (0.21–2.16) | 0.515 | 0.55 (0.17–1.77) | 0.318 | |
Southern and Eastern Europe | 3.35 (2.15–5.20) | <0.001 | 2.17 (1.38–3.41) | 0.001 | |
North Africa and Middle East | 0.77 (0.59–1.00) | 0.047 | 1.01 (0.75–1.38) | 0.928 | |
Southeast Asia | 3.35 (2.72–4.12) | <0.001 | 2.65 (2.15–3.28) | <0.001 | |
Southern and Central Asia | 1.19 (0.96–1.47) | 0.120 | 0.84 (0.67–1.05) | 0.124 | |
Americas | 0.96 (0.48–1.90) | 0.900 | 0.79 (0.40–1.57) | 0.498 | |
Sub-Saharan Africa |
1.28 (0.96–1.69) |
0.088 |
0.84 (0.63–1.12) |
0.224 |
|
Visa stream | |||||
Permanent | Referent | <0.001 | Referent | <0.001 | |
Humanitarian |
0.59 (0.51–0.70) |
0.47 (0.38–0.58) |
|||
Risk factors | |||||
Past close contact with TB |
3.48 (2.15–5.61) |
<0.001 |
2.80 (1.70–4.61) |
<0.001 |
|
Test type | |||||
IGRA | Referent | <0.001 | Referent | <0.001 | |
TST | 2.72 (2.41–3.06) | 3.01 (2.66–3.42) |
*Indeterminate IGRA results excluded. Temporary applicants excluded as not included in screening unless clinical features or risk factors. Applicants with TB and history of TB excluded, because likely to result in positive IGRA or TST without reflecting LTBI. Screened applicants without country of origin data not included in the regression analysis (n = 2,383); the LTBI prevalence in this group was 2.5% ([[ANCHOR###T2###Table 2###Anchor]]). IGRA, interferon-gamma release assay; LTBI, latent tuberculosis infection; TB, tuberculosis disease; TST, tuberculin skin test.