Volume 28, Number 9—September 2022
CME ACTIVITY - Synopsis
Fetal Loss and Preterm Birth Caused by Intraamniotic Haemophilus influenzae Infection, New Zealand
, Caitlin Sharpe, Thomas Wong, Tim Cutfield, Arier Lee, Stephen McBride, Matthew Rogers, May Ching Soh, Amanda Taylor, Susan Taylor, and Mark Thomas
Table 2
Pregnancy-associated invasive Haemophilus influenzae incidence by maternal ethnicity and age and socioeconomic status, New Zealand*
| Variable |
Births, no. (%) |
Cases, no. (%) |
Crude incidence per 100,000 births (95% CI) |
Poisson regression relative risk (95% CI) |
| Maternal ethnicity | ||||
| Māori | 37,218 (15.4) | 20 (42) | 53.74 (33.50–80.84) | 3.28 (1.32–8.19) |
| Pacific | 47,655 (19.72) | 16 (33) | 37.58 (19.70–52.81) | 2.07 (0.80–5.37) |
| Other | 68,268 (28.25) | 4 (8) | 5.86 (1.82–13.61) | 0.57 (0.17–1.90) |
| European | 88,512 (36.63) | 8 (17) | 9.04 (4.13–16.82) | Referent |
| Total |
241,653 (100.00) |
48 (100.00) |
19.86 |
NA |
| Maternal age, y | ||||
| <19 | 10,758 (4.45) | 7 (15) | 65.07 (27.96–125.80) | 3.19 (0.97–10.48) |
| 20–24 | 36,498 (15.1) | 17 (35) | 46.58 (27.80–72.35) | 2.79 (0.99–7.80) |
| 25–29 | 61,917 (25.62) | 9 (19) | 14.54 (6.99–26.20) | 1.28 (0.42–3.86) |
| 30–34 | 75,936 (31.42) | 10 (21) | 13.17 (6.60–23.10) | 1.49 (0.51–4.37) |
| >35 | 56,544 (23.4) | 5 (10) | 8.84 (3.17–19.01) | Referent |
| Total |
241,653 (100.00) |
48 (100.00) |
19.86 |
NA |
| Socioeconomic deprivation | ||||
| Quintile 5 | 78,822 (32.6) | 26 (54.2) | 32.99 (21.88–47.34) | 1.89 (0.83–4.30) |
| Quintile 4 | 40,440 (16.7) | 12 (25) | 29.67 (15.89–49.76) | 2.52 (1.06–6.02) |
| Quintile <3 | 122,391 (50.7) | 10 (20.8) | 8.17 (4.09–14.33) | Referent |
| Total | 241,653 (100.00) | 48 (100.00) | 19.86 | NA |
*Maternal age data were missing for 2 pregnancies, and 2013 area-level New Zealand deprivation index (NZDep2013) socioeconomic deprivation data were missing for 2 additional pregnancies. Therefore, crude incidence rates and relative risks from a multivariable Poisson regression model with ethnicity, age and NZDep2013 quintile in the model were calculated from the 48 cases where complete demographic data were available. The other ethnicity category comprised 3 Asian women and 1 Middle Eastern woman. p<0.0035 for ethnicity, p<0.1115 for age, and p<0.1015 for socioeconomic deprivation. NZDep2013 quintile 5 is the most deprived socioeconomic area, and quintile 1 is the least deprived socioeconomic area. NA, not applicable.