Clade I–Associated Mpox Cases Associated with Sexual Contact, the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Emile M. Kibungu, Emmanuel H. Vakaniaki, Eddy Kinganda-Lusamaki, Thierry Kalonji-Mukendi, Elisabeth Pukuta, Nicole A. Hoff, Isaac I. Bogoch, Muge Cevik, Gregg S. Gonsalves, Lisa E. Hensley, Nicola Low, Souradet Y. Shaw, Erin Schillberg, Mikayla Hunter, Lygie Lunyanga, Sylvie Linsuke, Joule Madinga, Martine Peeters, Jean-Claude Makangara Cigolo, Steve Ahuka-Mundeke, Jean-Jacques Muyembe, Anne W. Rimoin
1, Jason Kindrachuk
1
, Placide Mbala-Kingebeni
1 , Robert S. Lushima
1, and
International Mpox Research Consortium
Author affiliations: Ministry of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (E.M. Kibungu, T. Kalonji-Mukendi, R.S. Lushima); Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa (E.H. Vakaniaki, E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, E. Pukuta, L. Lunyanga, S. Linsuke, J. Madinga, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni); Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, J.-C. Makangara Cigolo, S. Ahuka-Mundeke, J.-J. Muyembe, P. Mbala-Kingebeni); TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses endémiques et émergentes); University of Montpellier, French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development, INSERM, Montpellier, France (E. Kinganda-Lusamaki, M. Peeters); University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA (N.A. Hoff, A.W. Rimoin); Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (I.I. Bogoch); University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland, UK (M. Cevik); Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA (G.S. Gonsalves); USDA Agricultural Research Service, Manhattan, Kansas, USA (L.E. Hensley); University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (N. Low); University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada (S.Y. Shaw, E. Schillberg, M. Hunter, J. Kindrachuk)
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Figure 2
Figure 2. Phylogenetic analysis of MPXV sequences from a cluster of mpox cases described in Kwango Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. A) MPXV global phylogeny showing that the Kwango Province outbreak cluster belongs to clade I MPXV. B) Phylogenetic analysis of MPXV genome sequences from the reported cases and clade I MPXV sequences from Central Africa. Posterior support values are shown at branch points. DNA was extracted at Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale using a QIAGEN DNA Mini Kit (https://www.qiagen.com) from blood samples and subsequently screened for MPXV with an orthopoxvirus-specific real-time PCR assay. Whole-genome sequencing was attempted on samples from the index case by next-generation sequencing. The library preparation was performed using Illumina DNA Prep with Enrichment (https://www.illumina.com), and the libraries were enriched for MPXV using biotinylated custom probes synthesized by Twist Biosciences (https://www.twistbioscience.com). Note that 23MPX098 (or 23MPX0245V) and 23MPX099 (or 23MPX0245C) are vesicle and crust samples from case-patient 1. Scale bar indicates number of substitutions per site. DRC, Democratic Republic of the Congo; hMPXV, human MPXV; MPXV, monkeypox virus.
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