Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link Skip directly to A-Z link
Volume 30, Number 5—May 2024
Dispatch

Recurrence, Microevolution, and Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Legionella pneumophila Sequence Type 1905, Portugal, 2014–2022

Vera Manageiro1, Vítor Borges1, Raquel Rodrigues, Célia Bettencourt, Cecília Silva, João Paulo Gomes, and Paulo GonçalvesComments to Author 
Author affiliations: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden (V. Manageiro); National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal (V. Manageiro, V. Borges, R. Rodrigues, C. Bettencourt, C. Silva, J.P. Gomes, P. Gonçalves); Lusófona University, Lisbon (J.P. Gomes)

Main Article

Figure 2

Core SNP-based phylogeny of whole-genome sequencing data from 12 Legionella pneumophila isolates obtained from samples collected in 3 interconnected municipalities in the Lisbon region, Portugal. Phylogeny was generated using a maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree, rooted to the L. pneumophila PtVFX/2014 genome sequence (LORH00000000.1) (2). The investigation context, year, source, and genetic diversity profile within L. pneumophila genomes (SNPs, indels, and recombination event) compared with PtVFX/2014, are shown next to the tree. Clin, clinical; env, environmental; ID, identification; o, outbreak investigation; PtVFX, strain from 2014 Legionnaires’ disease outbreak in Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism; s, sporadic case investigation.

Figure 2. Core SNP-based phylogeny of whole-genome sequencing data from 12 Legionella pneumophila isolates obtained from samples collected in 3 interconnected municipalities in the Lisbon region, Portugal. Phylogeny was generated using a maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree, rooted to the L. pneumophila PtVFX/2014 genome sequence (LORH00000000.1) (2). The investigation context, year, source, and genetic diversity profile within L. pneumophila genomes (SNPs, indels, and recombination event) compared with PtVFX/2014, are shown next to the tree. Clin, clinical; env, environmental; ID, identification; o, outbreak investigation; PtVFX, strain from 2014 Legionnaires’ disease outbreak in Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism; s, sporadic case investigation.

Main Article

References
  1. Iliadi  V, Staykova  J, Iliadis  S, Konstantinidou  I, Sivykh  P, Romanidou  G, et al. Legionella pneumophila: the journey from the environment to the blood. J Clin Med. 2022;11:6126. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. Chambers  ST, Slow  S, Scott-Thomas  A, Murdoch  DR. Legionellosis caused by non-Legionella pneumophila species, with a focus on Legionella longbeachae. Microorganisms. 2021;9:291. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. Borges  V, Nunes  A, Sampaio  DA, Vieira  L, Machado  J, Simões  MJ, et al. Legionella pneumophila strain associated with the first evidence of person-to-person transmission of Legionnaires’ disease: a unique mosaic genetic backbone. Sci Rep. 2016;6:26261. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. Correia  AM, Ferreira  JS, Borges  V, Nunes  A, Gomes  B, Capucho  R, et al. Probable person-to-person transmission of Legionnaires’ disease. N Engl J Med. 2016;374:497–8. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. Beauté  J, Plachouras  D, Sandin  S, Giesecke  J, Sparén  P. Healthcare-Associated Legionnaires’ Disease, Europe, 2008-2017. Emerg Infect Dis. 2020;26:2309–18.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. Shivaji  T, Sousa Pinto  C, San-Bento  A, Oliveira Serra  LA, Valente  J, Machado  J, et al. A large community outbreak of Legionnaires disease in Vila Franca de Xira, Portugal, October to November 2014. Euro Surveill. 2014;19:20991. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. George  F, Shivaji  T, Pinto  CS, Serra  LAO, Valente  J, Albuquerque  MJ, et al. A large outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease in an industrial town in Portugal. Rev Port Saude Publica. 2016;34:199–208. DOIGoogle Scholar
  8. Monteiro  IP, Sousa  S, Borges  V, Gonçalves  P, Gomes  JP, Mota  LJ, et al. A search for novel Legionella pneumophila effector proteins reveals a strain specific nucleotropic effector. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022;12:864626. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. David  S, Mentasti  M, Lai  S, Vaghji  L, Ready  D, Chalker  VJ, et al. Spatial structuring of a Legionella pneumophila population within the water system of a large occupational building. Microb Genom. 2018;4:e000226. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. Leenheer  D, Moreno  AB, Paranjape  K, Murray  S, Jarraud  S, Ginevra  C, et al. Rapid adaptations of Legionella pneumophila to the human host. Microb Genom. 2023;9:mgen000958. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. Qin  T, Zhou  H, Ren  H, Liu  W. Distribution of secretion systems in the genus Legionella and its correlation with pathogenicity. Front Microbiol. 2017;8:388. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. Oliva  G, Sahr  T, Buchrieser  C. The life cycle of L. pneumophila: cellular differentiation is linked to virulence and metabolism. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2018;8:3. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. David  S, Rusniok  C, Mentasti  M, Gomez-Valero  L, Harris  SR, Lechat  P, et al. Multiple major disease-associated clones of Legionella pneumophila have emerged recently and independently. Genome Res. 2016;26:1555–64. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. Bédard  E, Trigui  H, Liang  J, Doberva  M, Paranjape  K, Lalancette  C, et al. Local adaptation of Legionella pneumophila within a hospital hot water system increases tolerance to copper. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2021;87:e00242–21. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. Russo  A, Gouveia  CM, Soares  PMM, Cardoso  RM, Mendes  MT, Trigo  RM. The unprecedented 2014 Legionnaires’ disease outbreak in Portugal: atmospheric driving mechanisms. Int J Biometeorol. 2018;62:1167–79. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar

Main Article

1These first authors contributed equally to this article.

Page created: March 28, 2024
Page updated: April 24, 2024
Page reviewed: April 24, 2024
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
file_external