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Volume 30, Number 6—June 2024
Dispatch

Antibodies to Influenza A(H5N1) Virus in Hunting Dogs Retrieving Wild Fowl, Washington, USA

Justin D. BrownComments to Author , Adam Black, Katherine H. Haman, Diego G. Diel, Vickie E. Ramirez, Rachel S. Ziejka, Hannah T. Fenelon, Peter M. Rabinowitz, Lila Stevens, Rebecca Poulson, and David E. Stallknecht
Author affiliations: Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA (J.D. Brown, L. Stevens); Adam Black Veterinary Services, Anacortes, Washington, USA (A. Black); Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Olympia, Washington, USA (K.H. Haman); Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA (D.G. Diel); University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA (V.E. Ramirez, R.S. Ziejka, H.T. Fenelon, P.M. Rabinowitz); University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, Georgia, USA (R. Poulson, D.E. Stallknecht)

Main Article

Table

Data for individual hunting dogs that tested positive for antibodies to H5 and N1 influenza A virus, Washington, USA*

Dog ID Mean S/N Influenza A subtype-specific test results
HI rg BWT HI rg AST H5 (titer) VN rg AST H5 ELLA N1 HI-CIV H3N2 HI-CIV H3N8
HD23-21 0.275 Neg + (32) – + (320) + (8) –
HD23-30 0.345 Neg – + (80) + (>2,560) – –
HD23-135 0.474 Neg – + (40) + (>2,560) – –
HD23-139 0.375 Neg + (1:32) + (320) + (>1,280) – –

*Determined using AI MultiS-Screen AB blocking ELISA (IDEXX Laboratories, https://www.idexx.com), HI assay, virus neutralization, and ELLA. Positive threshold titers for the influenza A subtype-specific tests: H5 HI, >1:32; H5 VN, >1:20; N1 ELLA, >1:80; H3N2 and H3N8 CIV HI assay, ≥1:8. Negative antibody results based on the reported positive threshold titer for each assay. BWT, wild-type (wt) influenza B virus; CIV, canine influenza virus; ELLA, enzyme-linked lectin assay; HI, hemagglutination inhibition; ID, identifier; rg, reverse genetics; N1, A/ruddy turnstone/New Jersey/AI13–2948/2013(H10N1) antigen; rg AST, modified HA and NA antigen from A/Astrakhan/3212/2020(H5N8); rg BWT, HA and NA antigen from A/blue-winged teal/AI12-4150/Texas/2012(H5N2); S/N, ratio of sample to negative control absorbance values; VN, virus neutralization; –, negative antibody result.

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Page created: March 28, 2024
Page updated: May 22, 2024
Page reviewed: May 22, 2024
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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