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Volume 31, Number 2—February 2025
Dispatch
Outbreak of Serotype 1 Invasive Pneumococcal Disease, Kibera Urban Informal Settlement, Nairobi, Kenya, 2023
Terry Komo
, Patrick K. Munywoki, Maria da Gloria Carvalho, Joshua Auko, Alice Ouma, Allan Audi, George O. Agogo, Daniel Omondi, Arthur Odoyo, Herine Odiembo, Newton Wamola, Mike Osita, Clayton Onyango, Naomi Lucchi, Peninah Munyua, Amy Herman-Roloff, Shanda Larson, Sopio Chochua, Fabiana C. Pimenta, Godfrey Bigogo, and Jennifer R. Verani
, Patrick K. Munywoki, Maria da Gloria Carvalho, Joshua Auko, Alice Ouma, Allan Audi, George O. Agogo, Daniel Omondi, Arthur Odoyo, Herine Odiembo, Newton Wamola, Mike Osita, Clayton Onyango, Naomi Lucchi, Peninah Munyua, Amy Herman-Roloff, Shanda Larson, Sopio Chochua, Fabiana C. Pimenta, Godfrey Bigogo, and Jennifer R. Verani
Table 1
Characteristics of IPD cases, Kibera Urban Informal Settlement, Nairobi, Kenya, January 1, 2018–August 20, 2024*
| Characteristic | Serotype and surveillance period |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| ST1, 2023 | ST1, 2018–2022 | Non-ST1, 2018–2024 | |
| No. cases | 8 | 10 | 12 |
| Median age of patient, y (range) |
4.5 (2.5–9.7) |
12 (0.79–36.6) |
10.6 (0.44–45.5) |
| Sex of patient | |||
| M | 6 (75.0) | 5 (50.0) | 8 (66.7) |
| F |
2 (25.0) |
5 (50.0) |
4 (33.3) |
| Age eligibility for PCV | |||
| Age-eligible for PCV10-GSK | 8 (100) | 5 (50.0) | 7 (58.3) |
| Age-eligible for PCV10-SII | 0 | 0 | 2 (16.7) |
| Not age-eligible for PCV |
0 |
5 (50.0) |
3 (25.0) |
| Vaccination status known | 8 (100) | 2 (40.0) | 7 (77.8) |
| 0 PCV doses | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 3 (42.9) |
| 1 PCV dose | 1 (12.5) | 1 (50.0) | 0 |
| 2 PCV doses | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 1 (14.2) |
| 3 PCV doses |
5 (62.5) |
1 (50.0) |
3 (42.9) |
| Month of detection | |||
| January | 0 | 1 (10.0) | 0 |
| February | 0 | 3 (30.0) | 2 (16.7) |
| March | 2 (25.0) | 2 (20.0) | 0 |
| April | 3 (37.5) | 1 (10.0) | 2 (16.7) |
| May | 0 | 0 | 2 (16.7) |
| June | 1 (12.5) | 1 (10.0) | 1 (8.3) |
| July | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| August | 0 | 0 | 2 (16.7) |
| September | 0 | 1 (10.0) | 0 |
| October | 1 (12.5) | 1 (10.0) | 0 |
| November | 1 (12.5) | 0 | 1 (8.3) |
| December |
0 |
0 |
2 (16.7) |
| Disposition | |||
| Discharged home from clinic | 8 (100) | 10 (100) | 12 (100) |
| Alive at 1 month after IPD† | 8 (100) | 10 (100) | 12 (100) |
*Values are no. (%) except as indicated. IPD, invasive pneumococcal disease; PCV, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; PCV10-GSK, Synflorix 10-valent PCV (GlaxoSmithKline, https://www.gsk.com); PCV10-SII, Pneumosil 10-valent PCV (Serum Institute of India, https://www.seruminstitute.com); ST1, serotype 1. †Vital status at 1 month after date of blood culture was verified from household demographic data.
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