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Volume 31, Number 5—May 2025
Research

Powassan and Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus Seroprevalence in Endemic Areas, United States, 2019–2020

Hannah Padda, Claire Y.-H. Huang, Kacie Grimm, Brad J. Biggerstaff, Jeremy P. Ledermann, Janae Raetz, Karen Boroughs, Eric C. Mossel, Stacey W. Martin, Jennifer A. Lehman, Rebecca L. Townsend, David Krysztof, Paula Saá, Emily T.N. Dinh, Mary Grace Stobierski, Brenda Esponda-Morrison, Karen Ann A. Wolujewicz, Matthew Osborne, Catherine M. Brown, Brandi Hopkins, Elizabeth K. Schiffman, Alex Garvin, Xia Lee, Rebecca A. Osborn, Ryan J. Wozniak, Aaron C. Brault, Sridhar V. Basavaraju, Susan L. Stramer, J. Erin Staples, and Carolyn V. GouldComments to Author 
Author affiliation: Author affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA (H. Padda, C.Y.-H. Huang, B.J. Biggerstaff, J.P. Ledermann, J. Raetz, K. Boroughs, E.C. Mossel, S.W. Martin, J.A. Lehman, A.C. Brault, J.E. Staples, C.V. Gould); American Red Cross, Rockville, Maryland, USA (K. Grimm, R.L. Townsend, D. Krysztof, P. Saá); Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, Lansing, Michigan, USA (E.T.N. Dinh, M.G. Stobierski); Connecticut Department of Public Health, Hartford, Connecticut, USA (B. Esponda-Morrison, K.A.A. Wolujewicz); Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (M. Osborne, C.M. Brown, B. Hopkins); Minnesota Department of Health, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA (E.K. Schiffman, A. Garvin); Wisconsin Department of Health Services, Madison, Wisconsin, USA (X. Lee, R.A. Osborn, R.J. Wozniak); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (S.V. Basavaraju); Infectious Disease Consultant, North Potomac, Maryland, USA (S.L. Stramer)

Main Article

Table 1

Demographics of blood donors tested for POWV and EEEV and disease cases and population census of selected counties of residence in study of seroprevalence in endemic areas, United States, 2019–2020*

Demographics No. disease cases reported, 2010–2019
 2020 US Census population, age >15 y No. (%) specimens tested
POWV EEEV POWV EEEV
Sex
F 835 (47.2) 276 (48.7)
M
935 (52.8)
 291 (51.3)
Age group, y
16–29 225 (12.7) 65 (11.5)
30–49 436 (24.6) 147 (25.9)
50–64 751 (42.4) 243 (42.9)
>65
358 (20.2)
 112 (19.8)
State/county of residence
Connecticut
Fairfield 3 771,950 420
Litchfield 2 155,110 164
New London 3 224,538 17
Massachusetts
Barnstable 5 187,694 21
Bristol 4 467,915 36
Essex 9 3 650,007 184 49
Middlesex 10 3 1,343,808 337 100
Norfolk 2 583,823 206
Plymouth 4 428,646 32
Worcester 2 4 684,405 160 52
Michigan
Berrien 2 126,184 81
Cass 2 42,929 24
Kalamazoo 5 216,792 137
Van Buren 2 60,928 39
Minnesota
Anoka 5 284,136 141
Cass 2 24,286 3
Itasca 7 37,544 8
Morrison 3 26,551 8
Wisconsin
Jackson 2 16,881 16
Shawano 2 33,692 3
Trempealeau 2 23,357 19
Wood 2 59,811 80
Total 1,770 567

*Blank cells indicate not applicable. EEEV, Eastern equine encephalitis virus; POWV, Powassan virus.

Main Article

Page created: March 18, 2025
Page updated: April 25, 2025
Page reviewed: April 25, 2025
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.
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