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Volume 31, Number 7—July 2025

Research

Spatiotemporal Distribution and Clinical Characteristics of Zoonotic Tuberculosis, Spain, 2018–2022

Álvaro Roy, Diana Gómez-Barroso, Elena Cruz-Ferro, Ana Fernández, Isabel Martínez-Pino, María del Henar Marcos, Isabel Ursúa-Díaz, Susana Miras, Nuria Echave, Evangelia Ounarou, Beatriz Romero, Laura Herrera-León1, Zaida Herrador1Comments to Author , and Study Group on Zoonotic Tuberculosis2
Author affiliation: Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (Á. Roy, D. Gómez-Barroso, N. Echave, L. Herrera-León, Z. Herrador); CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid (D. Gómez-Barroso, I. Martínez-Pino, L. Herrera-León, Z. Herrador); Consejería de Sanidad Xunta de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (E. Cruz-Ferro, I. Ursúa-Díaz, S. Miras); Consejería de Salud y Servicios Sanitarios Gobierno del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain (A. Fernández); Consejería de Sanidad Junta de Castilla y León, Valladolid, Spain (I. Martínez-Pino, M.H. Marcos); Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (E. Ounarou); VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Madrid (B. Romero); Complutense University of Madrid Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Madrid (B. Romero)

Main Article

Table 2

Determinants of Mycobacterium bovis infection versus M. tuberculosis infection in study of tuberculosis in Spain, 2018–2022*

Category
 Crude odds ratio (95% CI)
 p value
 Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)
 p value
Age, y
0–19 Referent Referent
20–39 0.37 (0.21–0.65) <0.001 0.59 (0.26–1.47) 0.28
40–59 0.45 (0.27–0.78) 0.003 0.67 (0.31–1.62) 0.34
60–79 1.12 (0.68–1.91) 0.7 1.37 (0.64–3.29) 0.45
80–99
 1.23 (0.72–2.17)
 0.5
 1.29 (0.53–3.38)
 0.58
Sex
M Referent
F
 0.97 (0.73–1.28)
 0.8
Country of birth
Other Referent Referent
Spain
 2.21 (1.62–3.07)
 <0.001
 2.32 (1.44–3.82)
 <0.001
Primary infection location
Pulmonary Referent Referent
Extrapulmonary
 2.82 (2.14–3.72)
 <0.001
 2.20 (1.46–3.28)
 <0.001
HIV laboratory result
Positive Referent Referent
Negative
 4.82 (1.82–19.6)
 0.007
 3.39 (1.24–14.0)
 0.04
Hospitalization
No Referent Referent
Yes
 1.32 (0.98–1.80)
 0.075
 1.10 (0.72–1.70)
 0.66
Treatment outcome†
Complete/cure Referent Referent
Abandon/moved/loss 0.45 (0.16–1.00) 0.084 0.74 (0.18–2.05) 0.61
Death 1.31 (0.84–1.96) 0.2 1.22 (0.66–2.18) 0.51
Failure/prolongation 1.05 (0.44–2.13) 0.9 0.97 (0.23–2.73) 0.96

*Bold text indicates statistical significance, defined as p<0.05 and an odds ratio with 95% CI not including 1. †Treatment outcome was defined as follows: complete/cure, complete treatment or cure; abandon/moved/loss, abandonment of treatment, relocation, or loss of contact; death, death during treatment; failure/prolongation, treatment failure or patient still in treatment 12 mo after initiation.

Main Article

1These authors were co–principal investigators.

2Members of the group are listed at the end of this article.

Page created: May 31, 2025
Page updated: June 25, 2025
Page reviewed: June 25, 2025
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