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Volume 31, Number 7—July 2025

Research

Spatiotemporal Distribution and Clinical Characteristics of Zoonotic Tuberculosis, Spain, 2018–2022

Álvaro Roy, Diana Gómez-Barroso, Elena Cruz-Ferro, Ana Fernández, Isabel Martínez-Pino, María del Henar Marcos, Isabel Ursúa-Díaz, Susana Miras, Nuria Echave, Evi Ounarou, Beatriz Romero, Laura Herrera-León1, Zaida Herrador1Comments to Author , and Study Group on Zoonotic Tuberculosis2
Author affiliation: Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (Á. Roy, D. Gómez-Barroso, N. Echave, L. Herrera-León, Z. Herrador); CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid (D. Gómez-Barroso, I. Martínez-Pino, L. Herrera-León, Z. Herrador); Consejería de Sanidad Xunta de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela, Spain (E. Cruz-Ferro, I. Ursúa-Díaz, S. Miras); Consejería de Salud y Servicios Sanitarios Gobierno del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain (A. Fernández); Consejería de Sanidad Junta de Castilla y León, Valladolid, Spain (I. Martínez-Pino, M.H. Marcos); Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece (E. Ounarou); VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Madrid (B. Romero); Complutense University of Madrid Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Madrid (B. Romero)

Main Article

Table 2

Determinants of Mycobacterium bovis infection versus M. tuberculosis infection in study of tuberculosis in Spain, 2018–2022*

Category
 Crude odds ratio (95% CI)
 p value
 Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)
 p value
Age, y
0–19 Referent Referent
20–39 0.37 (0.21–0.65) <0.001 0.59 (0.26–1.47) 0.28
40–59 0.45 (0.27–0.78) 0.003 0.67 (0.31–1.62) 0.34
60–79 1.12 (0.68–1.91) 0.7 1.37 (0.64–3.29) 0.45
80–99
 1.23 (0.72–2.17)
 0.5
 1.29 (0.53–3.38)
 0.58
Sex
M Referent
F
 0.97 (0.73–1.28)
 0.8
Country of birth
Other Referent Referent
Spain
 2.21 (1.62–3.07)
 <0.001
 2.32 (1.44–3.82)
 <0.001
Primary infection location
Pulmonary Referent Referent
Extrapulmonary
 2.82 (2.14–3.72)
 <0.001
 2.20 (1.46–3.28)
 <0.001
HIV laboratory result
Positive Referent Referent
Negative
 4.82 (1.82–19.6)
 0.007
 3.39 (1.24–14.0)
 0.04
Hospitalization
No Referent Referent
Yes
 1.32 (0.98–1.80)
 0.075
 1.10 (0.72–1.70)
 0.66
Treatment outcome†
Complete/cure Referent Referent
Abandon/moved/loss 0.45 (0.16–1.00) 0.084 0.74 (0.18–2.05) 0.61
Death 1.31 (0.84–1.96) 0.2 1.22 (0.66–2.18) 0.51
Failure/prolongation 1.05 (0.44–2.13) 0.9 0.97 (0.23–2.73) 0.96

*Bold text indicates statistical significance, defined as p<0.05 and an odds ratio with 95% CI not including 1. †Treatment outcome was defined as follows: complete/cure, complete treatment or cure; abandon/moved/loss, abandonment of treatment, relocation, or loss of contact; death, death during treatment; failure/prolongation, treatment failure or patient still in treatment 12 mo after initiation.

Main Article

1These authors were co–principal investigators.

2Members of the group are listed at the end of this article.

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