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Volume 32, Number 5—May 2026

Research Letter

Herpes Simplex Virus 1 in Trigeminal Ganglia of Trafficked Neotropical Primates, Peru, 2024

Fernando Vilchez-DelgadoComments to Author , Lin Zhou, Shannon O’Connor, Renato Colan, Leticia Escobar-Mendoza, A. Patricia Mendoza, Bruno M. Ghersi, Roy Andrade, Michael Talledo-Albújar, and Marieke H. Rosenbaum
Author affiliation: Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA (F. Vilchez-Delgado, L. Zhou, S. O’Connor, B.M. Ghersi, M.H. Rosenbaum); Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, San Martin de Porres, Lima, Peru (F. Vilchez-Delgado, L. Escobar-Mendoza, R. Andrade, M. Talledo-Albujar); National Forest and Wildlife Service, Lima (R. Colan); Washington University–St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA (A.P. Mendoza)

Main Article

Figure

Maximum-likelihood phylogeny of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) created for study of HSV-1 in trigeminal ganglia of trafficked neotropical primates, Peru, 2024. Tree constructed from ≈4 kb of the UL30 DNA polymerase gene, applying the general time reversible substitution model with 1,000 bootstrap replicates. Red text indicates full-length HSV-1 DNA polymerase gene sequences detected in trigeminal ganglia of 4 primates from Peru. For comparison, we selected 16 additional reference sequences from GenBank (accession numbers provided) to represent diverse geographic regions worldwide. Phylogenetic analysis suggests a genetically diverse origin of HSV-1 infections in the primates evaluated, likely derived from genetically distinct introductions (spillovers). Sequences deposited in GenBank (accession nos. PV105585 [primate NE-004-24], PV105590 [primate NE-015-24], PV105591 [primate NE-020-24], and PV105598 [primate NE-033-24]).

Figure. Maximum-likelihood phylogeny of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) created for study of HSV-1 in trigeminal ganglia of trafficked neotropical primates, Peru, 2024. Tree constructed from ≈4 kb of the UL30 DNA polymerase gene, applying the general time reversible substitution model with 1,000 bootstrap replicates. Red text indicates full-length HSV-1 DNA polymerase gene sequences detected in trigeminal ganglia of 4 primates from Peru. For comparison, we selected 16 additional reference sequences from GenBank (accession numbers provided) to represent diverse geographic regions worldwide. Phylogenetic analysis suggests a genetically diverse origin of HSV-1 infections in the primates evaluated, likely derived from genetically distinct introductions (spillovers). Sequences deposited in GenBank (accession nos. PV105585 [primate NE-004-24], PV105590 [primate NE-015-24], PV105591 [primate NE-020-24], and PV105598 [primate NE-033-24]).

Main Article

Page created: March 31, 2026
Page updated: May 08, 2026
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