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Volume 32, Number 5—May 2026
Research Letter
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 in Trigeminal Ganglia of Trafficked Neotropical Primates, Peru, 2024
Figure
![Maximum-likelihood phylogeny of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) created for study of HSV-1 in trigeminal ganglia of trafficked neotropical primates, Peru, 2024. Tree constructed from ≈4 kb of the UL30 DNA polymerase gene, applying the general time reversible substitution model with 1,000 bootstrap replicates. Red text indicates full-length HSV-1 DNA polymerase gene sequences detected in trigeminal ganglia of 4 primates from Peru. For comparison, we selected 16 additional reference sequences from GenBank (accession numbers provided) to represent diverse geographic regions worldwide. Phylogenetic analysis suggests a genetically diverse origin of HSV-1 infections in the primates evaluated, likely derived from genetically distinct introductions (spillovers). Sequences deposited in GenBank (accession nos. PV105585 [primate NE-004-24], PV105590 [primate NE-015-24], PV105591 [primate NE-020-24], and PV105598 [primate NE-033-24]).](/eid/images/25-1408-F1.jpg)
Figure. Maximum-likelihood phylogeny of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) created for study of HSV-1 in trigeminal ganglia of trafficked neotropical primates, Peru, 2024. Tree constructed from ≈4 kb of the UL30 DNA polymerase gene, applying the general time reversible substitution model with 1,000 bootstrap replicates. Red text indicates full-length HSV-1 DNA polymerase gene sequences detected in trigeminal ganglia of 4 primates from Peru. For comparison, we selected 16 additional reference sequences from GenBank (accession numbers provided) to represent diverse geographic regions worldwide. Phylogenetic analysis suggests a genetically diverse origin of HSV-1 infections in the primates evaluated, likely derived from genetically distinct introductions (spillovers). Sequences deposited in GenBank (accession nos. PV105585 [primate NE-004-24], PV105590 [primate NE-015-24], PV105591 [primate NE-020-24], and PV105598 [primate NE-033-24]).