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Volume 8, Number 9—September 2002
Research

A Case-Case Comparison of Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter jejuni Infection: A Tool for Generating Hypotheses

Iain Gillespie*, Sarah J. O’Brien*Comments to Author , Jennifer A. Frost†, Goutam K. Adak*, Le Hong Phong*, Anthony V. Swan‡, Michael J. Painter§, Keith R. Neal¶, and the Campylobacter Sentinel Surveillance System Collaborators 1
Author affiliations: *Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS) Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, London, United Kingdom; †PHLS Laboratory of Enteric Pathogens, London, United Kingdom; ‡PHLS Statistics Unit, London, United Kingdom; §Manchester Health Authority, Manchester, United Kingdom; ¶University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom;

Main Article

Table 2

Risk exposures for Campylobacter coli infection, by single-risk variable analysis

Exposure No. exposed (%)
 Odds ratio p valuea 95% Confidence intervals
C. coli (n=272) C. jejuni (n=3,489)
Summer 75 (27.6) 1,206 (34.6) 0.72 0.02 0.55 to 0.95
Dyfed Powys Health Authority 5 (1.8) 24 (0.70) 2.7 0.04 1.02 to 7.15
10-year age group (increasing) - - 1.10b 0.001c 1.04 to 1.17
Members of the armed forces 1 (0.37) 2 (0.06) 6.43 0.08 0.58 to 71.27
Retired persons 61 (22.4) 580 (16.6) 1.45 0.01 1.07 to 1.95
Preschool-aged children 14 (5.2) 288 (8.3) 0.60 0.07 0.35 to 1.05
Homemakers 16 (5.9) 131 (3.8) 1.60 0.08 0.94 to 2.73
South Asian ethnicity 21 (9.1) 168 (5.8) 1.63 0.04 1.01 to 2.61
European ethnicity 4 (1.7) 118 (4.1) 0.42 0.08 0.15 to 1.14
Travel abroad 76 (28.3) 653 (19.0) 1.68 0.0002 1.27 to 2.22
Halal meats 23 (10.7) 216 (7.3) 1.52 0.07 0.96 to 2.39
Meat pies 78 (33.9) 856 (27.9) 1.32 0.049 1.00 to 1.76
Offal (organ meat) 19 (8.7) 170 (5.6) 1.60 0.06 0.97 to 2.62
Pâté 42 (18.7) 397 (13.2) 1.51 0.02 1.06 to 2.14
Bottled water 150 (63.6) 1,646 (53.7) 1.51 0.003 1.14 to 1.98
Contact with animals 138 (51.7) 1,989 (57.8) 0.78 0.049 0.61 to 1.00

aExposures where p<0.1 shown.
bApproximation to the odds ratio for a one-unit increase in 10-year age group.
cDerived from score test for trend of odds.

Main Article

1The Campylobacter Sentinel Surveillance System Collaborators comprise public health, environmental health, and laboratory staff who serve the populations of the following health authorities in England and Wales: Birmingham, Bradford, Bro Taf, Bury and Rochdale, Dyfed Powys, East Kent, Enfield & Haringey, Herefordshire, Leeds, Leicestershire; Manchester, North Cumbria, North Essex, North West Lancashire; Nottingham, Salford and Trafford, South and West Devon (part), South Lancashire, Southampton and South West Hampshire, Stockport, West Pennine, and Wigan and Bolton with the PHLS Laboratory of Enteric Pathogens, the PHLS Statistic Unit and the PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre.

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