Volume 9, Number 1—January 2003
Research
A Molecular Surveillance System for Global Patterns of Drug Resistance in Imported Malaria
Annie-Claude Labbé*, Samir N. Patel*, Ian Crandall*, and Kevin C. Kain*
Table 2
Proportions of falciparum isolates with chloroquine- or sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine-associated resistance markers by year of acquisitiona
| Year | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proportions of mutant isolates |
Proportions of isolates with at least
2 mutant codons |
|||||||
| pfmdr1 (N86Y)b | pfcrt (K76T) | dhfrc | dhpsd | |||||
| 1994 |
42.9% |
9/21 |
71.4% |
15/21 |
45.5% |
10/22 |
14.3% |
3/21 |
| 1995 |
25.0% |
2/8 |
55.6% |
5/9 |
62.5% |
5/8 |
33.3% |
3/9 |
| 1996 |
31.6% |
6/19 |
50.0% |
9/18 |
52.4% |
11/21 |
25.0% |
5/20 |
| 1997 |
52.9% |
9/17 |
66.7% |
10/15 |
88.2% |
15/17 |
35.3% |
6/17 |
| 1998 |
64.3% |
9/14 |
50.0% |
7/14 |
85.7% |
12/14 |
21.4% |
3/14 |
| 1999 |
50.0% |
7/14 |
64.3% |
9/14 |
78.6% |
11/14 |
57.1% |
8/14 |
| 2000e |
71.4% |
5/7 |
57.1% |
4/7 |
50.0% |
3/6 |
42.9% |
3/7 |
| Total |
47.0% |
47/100 |
60.2% |
59/98 |
65.7% |
67/102 |
30.4% |
31/102 |
| (95% CI) | (36.9 to 57.2) | (49.8 to 70.0) | (54.6 to 3.9) | (21.7 to 40.3) | ||||
aOR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
bOR for a 1-unit increase in year = 1.21 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.49); p=0.07, chi-square test for trend.
cOR for a 1-unit increase in year = 1.28 (95% CI 1.0 to 1.59); p=0.02, chi-square test for trend.
dOR for a 1-unit increase in year = 1.29 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.61); p=0.03, chi-square test for trend.
eData for year 2000 are from January 1 to June 30.
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Page updated: December 07, 2010
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