Volume 9, Number 5—May 2003
Research
Global Illness and Deaths Caused by Rotavirus Disease in Children
Table 3
Annual incidence of hospitalizations for rotavirus gastroenteritis in children <5 years of age in selected industrialized countries
Country (reference) | Y | Annual incidence/per 100,000 children | Cumulative incidence by 5 y of age |
---|---|---|---|
Spain (11) | 1989–1995 | 250 | 1 in 80 |
Netherlands (12) | 1998 | 270 | 1 in 74 |
United States (13) | 1993–1995 | 274 | 1 in 73 |
Poland (14) | 1996 | 310 | 1 in 65 |
Sweden (15) | 1993–1996 | 370a | 1 in 54 |
United Kingdom (16) | 1993–1994 | 520 | 1 in 38 |
Finland (17) | 1985–1995 | 610 | 1 in 33 |
Australia (18) | 1993–1996 | 750 | 1 in 27 |
Hungary (19) | 1993–1996 | 840a | 1 in 24 |
Australia (20) | 1991–1993 | 870 | 1 in 23 |
aIncidence for children <4 years of age.
References
- De Zoysa I, Feachem RG. Interventions for the control of diarrhoeal disease among young children: rotavirus and cholera immunization. Bull World Health Organ. 1985;63:569–83.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Parashar UD, Bresee JS, Gentsch JR, Glass RI. Rotavirus. Emerg Infect Dis. 1998;4:562–70. DOIGoogle Scholar
- Bresee J, Glass RI, Ivanoff B, Gentsch J. Current status and future priorities for rotavirus vaccine development, evaluation, and implementation in developing countries. Vaccine. 1999;17:2207–22. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Murphy TV, Gargiullo PM, Massoudi MS, Nelson DB, Jumaan AO, Okoro CA, Intussusception among infants given an oral rotavirus vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:564–72. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Kosek M, Bern C, Guerrant RL. The magnitude of the global burden of diarrheal disease from studies published 1992–2000. Bull World Health Organ. 2003. In press.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Miller MA, McCann L. Policy analysis of the use of hepatitis B, Haemophilus influenzae type b-, Streptococcus pneumoniae-conjugate, and rotavirus vaccines, in National Immunization Schedules. Health Econ. 2000;9:19–35. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- The sex and age distribution of the world’s populations: The 1994 revision. New York: United Nations; 1994.
- Ferreccio C, Prado V, Ojeda A, Cayyazo M, Abrego P, Guers L, Epidemiologic patterns of acute diarrhea and endemic Shigella infections in children in a poor periurban setting in Santiago, Chile. Am J Epidemiol. 1991;134:614–27.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- World Bank. Classification of economies by income, 2000. Available from: URL: http://www.worldbank.org/poverty/wdrpoverty/report/ch12b.pdf. [cited 2003 Feb 25].
- Punyaratabandhu P, Vathanophas K, Varavithya W, Sangchai R, Athipanyakom S, Echeverria P, Childhood diarrhoea in a low-income urban community in Bangkok: incidence, clinical features, and child caretaker’s behaviours. J Diarrhoeal Dis Res. 1991;9:244–9.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Visser LE, Cano Portero R, Gay NJ, Martinez Navarro JF. Impact of rotavirus disease in Spain: an estimate of hospital admissions due to rotavirus. Acta Paediatr. 1999;88:S72–6. DOIGoogle Scholar
- deWit MAS, Koopmans MPG, van der Blig JF, van Duynhoven YTHP. Hospital admissions for rotavirus infection in the Netherlands. Clin Infect Dis. 2000;31:698–704. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Parashar UD, Holman RC, Clarke MJ, Bresee JS, Glass RI. Hospitalizations associated with rotavirus diarrhea in the United States, 1993 through 1995: surveillance based on the new ICD-9-CM rotavirus-specific diagnostic code. J Infect Dis. 1998;177:13–7. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Mrukowicz JZ, Krobicka B, Duplaga M, Kowalska-Duplaga K, Domanski J, Szajewska H, Epidemiology and impact of rotavirus diarrhoea in Poland. Acta Paediatr. 1999;88:53–60. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Johansen K, Bennet R, Bondesson K, Eriksson M, Hedlund KO, De Verdier Klingenberg K, Incidence and estimates of the disease burden of rotavirus in Sweden. Acta Paediatr. 1999;426:S20–3. DOIGoogle Scholar
- Ryan MJ, Ramsay M, Brown D, Gay NJ, Farrington CP, Wall PG. Hospital admissions attributable to rotavirus infection in England and Wales. J Infect Dis. 1996;174(Suppl 1):S12–8.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Vesikari T, Rautanen T, Bonsdorff CHV. Rotavirus gastroenteritis in Finland: burden of disease and epidemiological features. Acta Paediatr. 1999;426:S24–30. DOIGoogle Scholar
- Carlin JB, Chondros P, Masendycz P, Bugg H, Bishop RF, Barnes GL. Rotavirus infection and rates of hospitalisation for acute gastroenteritis in young children in Australia, 1993‑1996. Med J Aust. 1998;169:252–6.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Szucs G, Uj M, Mihaly I, Deak J. Burden of human rotavirus-associated hospitalizations in three geographic regions of Hungary. Acta Paediatr. 1999;426:S61–5. DOIGoogle Scholar
- Ferson MJ. Hospitalizations for rotavirus gastroenteritis among children under five years of age in New South Wales. Med J Aust. 1996;164:273–6.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Ford-Jones EL, Wang E, Petric M, Corey P, Moineddin R, Fearon M. Rotavirus-associated diarrhea in outpatient settings and child care centers. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000;154:586–93.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Rodriguez WJ, Kim HW, Brandt CD, Schwartz RH, Gardner MK, Jeffries B, Longitudinal study of rotavirus infection and gastroenteritis in families served by a pediatric medical practice: clinical and epidemiologic observations. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1987;6:170–6. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Institute of Medicine. The prospects of immunizing against rotavirus. In: New vaccine development: diseases of importance in developing countries. Washington: National Academy Press; 1986: D13-1–D13-12.
- Victora CG, Bryce J, Fontaine O, Monasch R. Reducing deaths from diarrhoea through oral rehydration therapy. Bull World Health Organ. 2000;78:1246–55.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- de Onis M, Frongillo EA, Blossner M. Is malnutrition declining? An analysis of changes in levels of child malnutrition since 1980. Bull World Health Organ. 2000;78:1222–33.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Snyder JD, Merson MH. The magnitude of the global problem of acute diarrhoeal disease: a review of active surveillance data. Bull World Health Organ. 1982;60:605–13.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Miller P, Hirschhorn N. The effect of a national control of diarrheal diseases program on mortality: the case of Egypt. Soc Sci Med. 1995;40:S1–30. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Langsten R, Hill K. Diarrhoeal disease, oral rehydration, and childhood mortality in rural Egypt. J Trop Pediatr. 1994;40:272–8.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Villa S, Guiscafre H, Martinez H, Munoz O, Guiterrez G. Seasonal diarrhoeal mortality among Mexican Children. Bull World Health Organ. 1999;77:375–80.PubMedGoogle Scholar
- Cama RI, Parashar UD, Taylor DN, Hickey T, Figueroa D, Ortega YR, Enteropathogens and other factors associated with severe disease in children with acute watery diarrhea in Lima, Peru. J Infect Dis. 1999;179:1139–44. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Nguyen VM, Nguyen VT, Huynh PL, Dang DT, Nguyen TH, Phan VT, The epidemiology and disease burden of rotavirus in Vietnam: sentinel surveillance at 6 hospitals. J Infect Dis. 2001;183:1707–12. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Mobley CC, Boerma JT, Titus S, Lohrke B, Shangula K, Black RE. Validation study of a verbal autopsy method for causes of childhood mortality in Namibia. J Trop Pediatr. 1996;42:365–9. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Kalter HD, Gray RH, Black RE, Gultiano SA. Validation of postmortem interviews to ascertain selected causes of death in children. Int J Epidemiol. 1990;19:380–6. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Snow RW, Armstrong JR, Forster D, Winstanley MT, Marsh VM, Newton CR, Childhood deaths in Africa: uses and limitations of verbal autopsies. Lancet. 1992;340:351–5. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Unicomb LE, Kilgore PE, Faruque SG, Hamadani JD, Fuchs GJ, Albert MJ, Anticipating rotavirus vaccines: hospital-based surveillance for rotavirus diarrhea and estimates of disease burden in Bangladesh. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1997;16:947–51. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Ehrenkranz P, Lanata CF, Penny ME, Salazar-Lindo E, Glass RI. Rotavirus diarrhea disease burden in Peru: the need for a rotavirus vaccine and its potential cost savings. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2001;10:240–8. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Jain V, Parashar UD, Glass RI, Bhan MK. Epidemiology of rotavirus in India. Indian J Pediatr. 2001;68:855–62. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar