Volume 9, Number 8—August 2003
Dispatch
Fluid Intake and Decreased Risk for Hospitalization for Dengue Fever, Nicaragua
, Leonel Pérez†, Christina R. Phares*, Maria de los Angeles Pérez‡, Wendy Idiaquez‡, Julio Rocha§, Ricardo Cuadra§, Emelina Hernandez¶, Luisa Amanda Campos†, Alcides Gonzalez†, Juan Jose Amador†, and Angel Balmaseda†
Table 2
Crude and adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for factors potentially associated with hospitalization for classic dengue fever or dengue fever with hemorrhagic manifestations
| Children (<15 years of age)a | Older adolescents and adults (>15 years of age)a | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | No. of patientsb | OR (95% CI)c Crude | OR (95% CI)c Adjustedd | # of patientsb | OR (95% CI)c Crude | OR (95% CI)c Adjustedf |
| Fluid intake during 24-h period before presentation | 587 | 405 | ||||
| For each additional glass | 0.68 (0.62 to 0.75) | 0.74 (0.66 to 0.83) | 0.67 (0.5 to 0.79) | 0.71 (0.59 to 0.85) | ||
| >5 glasses | 0.14 (0.08 to 0.25) | 0.19 (0.09 to 0.39)e | 0.16 (0.06 to 0.43) | 0.20 (0.07 to 0.57)g | ||
| Age | 719 | —h | 464 | — | ||
| For each additional year | 0.93 (0.8 to 0.97) | 0.98 (0.96 to 1.00) | ||||
| Sex | 718 | 464 | ||||
| Male | 395 | 1.43 (1.06 to 1.94) | 291 | 1.27 (0.74 to 2.17) | ||
| Female | 323 | 173 | ||||
| Distance from healthcare facility | 701 | 460 | ||||
| For each additional 5 km | 2.13 (1.68 to 2.69) | 1.46 (1.12 to 1.91) | 1.16 (0.92 to 1.46) | — | ||
| Date of onset of symptoms | 709 | 455 | ||||
| For each additional month | 1.26 (1.16 to 1.37) | 1.51 (1.26 to 1.81) | 1.87 (1.53 to 2.29) | 2.08 (1.53 to 2.83) | ||
| Days between onset of symptoms and being seen at facility | 713 | 457 | ||||
| For each additional day | 1.04 (1.0 to 1.07) | — | 0.98 (0.93 to 1.03) | — | ||
| Thrombocytopenia | 499 | 227 | ||||
| Yes | 189 | 6.5 (4.25 to 9.96) | 6.16 (3.57 to 10.64) | 33 | 3.31 (1.53 to 7.15) | 3.62 (1.24 to 10.52) |
| No | 310 | 194 | ||||
| Stomach pain | 681 | 439 | ||||
| Yes | 370 | 0.94 (0.69 to 1.28) | — | 216 | 1.50 (0.89 to 2.56) | — |
| No | 311 | 223 | ||||
aThe age distribution of children <15 years of age was 7.2 (SD 3.9) with a range from 0 to 14 years and that of older adolescents and adults was 30.6 (SD 13.9) with a range of 15 to 85 years.
bThe numbers differ based on completeness of information for each variable.
cOR, odds ratios; CI, 95% confidence intervals.
dAdjusted for glasses of liquid consumed (continuous variable), distance from healthcare facility, date of onset of symptoms, and thrombocytopenia.
eThe adjusted OR and 95% CI for glasses of liquid consumed (dichotomous variable) were obtained from a separate model that adjusted for the same factors as footnote d.
fAdjusted for glasses of liquid consumed (continuous variable), date of onset of symptoms, and thrombocytopenia.
gThe adjusted OR and 95% CI for glasses of liquid consumed (dichotomous variable) were obtained from a separate model that adjusted for the same factors as footnote f.
h Dash indicates that this variable did not significantly contribute to the multivariate model.