Volume 9, Number 9—September 2003
Perspective
Automated, Laboratory-based System Using the Internet for Disease Outbreak Detection, the Netherlands
Table
Surveillance diagnosis | Threshold type |
---|---|
Adenovirus infection |
H |
Entamoeba histolytica, intestinal infection |
H |
Entamoeba histolytica, extraintestinal infection |
H |
Campylobacter spp. infection |
H |
Campylobacter jejuni infection |
H |
Chlamydia trachomatis infection |
H |
Enterovirus infection |
H |
E. coli O157 infection |
F (4) |
Giardia lamblia infection |
H |
Neisseria gonorroeae infection |
H |
Haemophilus influenza, invasive infection |
H |
Hepatitis A virus infection |
H |
Hepatitis B virus infection |
H |
Hepatitis C virus infection |
H |
Bordetella parapertussis infection |
H |
Bordetella pertussis infection |
H |
Hantavirus infection |
F (0) |
Listeria monocytogenes infection |
F0 |
Malaria Plasmodium spp infection |
H |
Malaria, Plasmodium ovale infection |
H |
Malaria, P. malaria infection |
H |
Malaria, P. falciparum infection |
H |
Malaria, P. vivax infection |
H |
Neisseria meningitis, invasive infection |
H |
Parainfluenza virus infection |
H |
Salmonella enterica Paratyphii group A infection |
H |
S. Paratyphii group B infection |
H |
S. Paratyphii group C infection |
H |
S. Typhi infection |
F (3) |
Respiratory syncytial virus infection |
F (10) |
Rhinovirus infection |
F (10) |
Salmonella spp. (nontyphoid) infection |
H |
S. Typhi infection |
H |
Shigella spp. infection |
F |
Staphylococcus aureus, invasive infection |
H |
Streptococcus group A, invasive infection |
H |
Streptococcus group B, invasive infection |
H |
Streptococcus pneumoniae infection |
H |
Yersinia spp., non-pestis |
H |
Yersinia enterocolitica | H |
aISIS, Infectious Disease Surveillance Information System; H, historical algorithm-defined threshold; F, fixed user-defined threshold (cases/week); F0, zero threshold where one case is signaled.
1Example 1: A surveillance diagnosis for a case of respiratory syncytial virus infection is a positive culture or positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or positive direct immunofluorescence or positive enzyme immunoassay, with all positive tests on the same case-patient within a 6-week period reported as one surveillance diagnosis. Example 2: A surveillance diagnosis for a case of invasive Haemophilus influenza infection is a positive culture from a normally sterile site, with all positive results from the same case in 3 months considered one surveillance diagnosis.