Volume 10, Number 2—February 2004
THEME ISSUE
2004 SARS Edition
SARS Epidemiology
SARS Surveillance during Emergency Public Health Response, United States, March–July 2003
, John T. Brooks*, Chris Van Beneden*, Umesh D. Parashar*, Patricia M. Griffin*, Larry J. Anderson*, William J. Bellini*, Robert F. Benson*, Dean D. Erdman*, Alexander Klimov*, Thomas G. Ksiazek*, Teresa C.T. Peret*, Deborah F. Talkington*, W. Lanier Thacker*, Maria L. Tondella*, Jacquelyn S. Sampson*, Allen W. Hightower*, Dale F. Nordenberg*, Brian D. Plikaytis*, Ali S. Khan*, Nancy E. Rosenstein*, Tracee A. Treadwell*, Cynthia G. Whitney*, Anthony E. Fiore*, Tonji M. Durant*, Joseph F. Perz*, Annemarie Wasley*, Daniel R. Feikin*, Joy L. Herndon*, William A. Bower*, Barbara W. Kilbourn*, Deborah A. Levy*, Victor G. Coronado*, Joanna Buffington*, Clare A. Dykewicz*, Rima F. Khabbaz*, and Mary E. Chamberland*
Table 5
Results of diagnostic testing for other infectious respiratory pathogens, U.S. SARS surveillance, March–July, 2003a,b,c
| SARS-CoV status | Mycoplasma pneumoniae | Streptococcus pneumoniae | Chlamydia pneumoniaed | Legionella pneumophila | HMPV | Influenza A or B | Parainfluenza 1, 2, or 3 | RSV | Adenovirus | Picornaviruse | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | |||||||||||
| Chest imaging resultsf positive | 0/2 (0%) | 0/1 (0%) | 0/2 (0%) | 0/2 (0%) | 0/1 (0%) | 1/1 (100%) | 0/1 (0%) | 0/1 (0%) | 0/1 (0%) | -- | |
| Negative | |||||||||||
| Chest imaging results positive | 3/24 (13%) | 0/16 (0%) | 0/24 (0%) | 0/24 (0%) | 2/22 (9%) | 0/21 (0%) | 1/22 (5%) | 0/22 (0%) | 0/22 (0%) | 3/10 (30%) | |
| Chest imaging results negative | 11/99 (11%) | 5/71 (7%) | 2/95 (2%) | 0/96 (0%) | 8/90 (9%) | 16/84 (19%) | 5/90 (6%) | 2/90 (2%) | 5/90 (6%) | 12/45 (27%) | |
| Undetermined | |||||||||||
| Chest imaging results positive | 3/14 (21%) | 1/1 (100%) | 0/15 (0%) | 0/14 (0%) | 1/13 (8%) | 1/13 (8%) | 2/13 (15%) | 0/13 (0%) | 1/13 (8%) | 4/13 (31%) | |
| Chest imaging results negative | 5/61 (8%) | 0/1 (0%) | 0/61 (0%) | 0/60 (0%) | 1/47 (2%) | 7/47 (15%) | 4/47 (9%) | 1/47 (2%) | 3/47 (6%) | 10/46 (22%) | |
| Totals | 22/200 (11%) | 6/90 (7%) | 2/197 (1%) | 0/196 (0%) | 12/172 (7%) | 25/166 (15%) | 12/172 (7%) | 3/172 (2%) | 9/172 (5%) | 29/114 (25%) | |
aSARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome; CoV, coronavirus; HMPV, human metapneumovirus; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; PCR, polymerase chain reaction.
bDenominators for results of tests vary as specimens of appropriate type and of adequate amount necessary for PCR and serologic testing were obtained only for a subset of case-patients. Positive results shown are those persons for whom evidence of acute infection was demonstrated by serologic and/or PCR testing on the specimens available for testing.
cOnly one of the two SARS-CoV–positive case-patients had evidence of infection with another agent (influenza B). For 22 suspect and probable cases, more than one agent was identified. Combinations included: HMPV, Influenza B (FluB) + S. pneumoniae (N = 1); Mycoplasma, picornavirus + S. pneumoniae (N = 1); Mycoplasma + FluA (N = 5); HMPV + parainfluenza virus (HPIV) (N = 1); C. pneumoniae, adenovirus + FluB (N = 1); Mycoplasma + picornavirus (N = 3); adenovirus + picornavirus (N = 1); Mycoplasma + HPIV (N = 1); HPIV + picornavirus (N = 1); FluB + picornavirus (N = 1); adenovirus + HMPV (N = 1); HPIV + picornavirus (N = 1); HMPV + picornavirus (N = 1); Mycoplasma + picornavirus (N = 1); S. pneumoniae + picornavirus (N = 1); S. pneumoniae + HMPV (N = 1).
dAll specimens tested for serologic or PCR evidence of C. pneumoniae were also tested for evidence of C. psittaci; no acute C. psittaci infections were diagnosed.
eInclusive of rhinovirus and enterovirus.
fPlain film x-ray, computed tomographic scan, etc.