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Volume 13, Number 2—February 2007
Dispatch

Pneumocystis Pneumonia in HIV-positive Adults, Malawi1

Joep J.G. van Oosterhout*, Miriam K. Laufer†, M. Arantza Perez*, Stephen M. Graham*, Nelson Chimbiya*, Phillip C. Thesing*, Miriam J. Álvarez-Martinez‡, Paul E. Wilson‡, Maganizo Chagomerana*, Eduard E. Zijlstra*, Terrie E. Taylor*§, Christopher V. Plowe†Comments to Author , and Steven R Meshnick‡
Author affiliations: *University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi;; †University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; ‡University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; §Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA;

Main Article

Table 3

Incidence of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP) and other respiratory illnesses, Malawi, 2002–2004*

DiagnosisAll CD4 countsCD4 0–99/mm3CD4 100–199/mm3
No. eventsIncidence, % (95% CI)No. eventsIncidence, % (95% CI)No. eventsIncidence, % (95% CI)
Confirmed PcP61.0 (0.3–2.2)55.7 (1.9–13.4)10.6 (0.01–3.8)
Bacterial pneumonia†10217.3 (14.1–21.0)3540.2 (28.0–56.0)4228.6 (20.6–38.6)
Pulmonary tuberculosis518.6 (6.4–11.3)2023.0 (14.0–35.5)2517.0 (11.0–25.1)
Unspecified respiratory illness12721.5 (17.9–25.6)4652.9 (38.7–70.5)3825.9 (18.3–35.5)

*CI, confidence interval.
†Diagnosis based on new consolidations on a chest x–ray and response to antimicrobial drugs; includes cases with and without positive blood cultures.

Main Article

1Data from this study were presented in part at 9th College of Medicine Research Dissemination Conference, Blantyre, Malawi, 12 Nov 2005 (abstract DCON/05/44), and XV International AIDS Conference, Bangkok, Thailand, 11–16 Jul 2004 (abstract MoPeB3198).

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