Volume 15, Number 6—June 2009
Dispatch
Leishmaniasis, Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease, and Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy, Europe
Table
Detailed characteristics of 15 patients with autoimmune rheumatic disorders in whom leishmaniasis developed, Europe*
Patient no. | Country | Age, y/sex | Disease | Anti-TNF treatment | Other immunosuppressive treatments | Form of Leishmania infection | Ref. | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agent | Duration, mo | Agent(s) | Duration, mo | |||||||
1 | France | 66/M | ANCA-associated vasculitis | NA | NA | Cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, corticosteroids | 120 | Visceral | (7) | |
2 | Israel | 56/M | Rheumatoid arthritis | NA | NA | Methotrexate, corticosteroids | 120 | Cutaneous | (8) | |
3 | Italy | 35/M | Behçet disease | NA | NA | Chlorambucil, corticosteroids | 36 | Visceral | (9) | |
4 | Spain | 50/M | Rheumatoid arthritis | NA | NA | Methotrexate, corticosteroids | 120 | Visceral | (10) | |
5 | Italy | 60/M | Polyarteritis nodosa | NA | NA | Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids | 2 | Visceral | (11) | |
6 | Spain | 55/M | Psoriatic arthritis | Infliximab | 9 | No details given | 300 | Visceral | (2) | |
7 | Italy | 76/M | ANCA-associated vasculitis | NA | NA | Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids | 36 | Visceral | (12) | |
8 | France | 53/F | Rheumatoid arthritis | Infliximab | 12 | Azathioprine, corticosteroids | 12 | Visceral | (3) | |
9 | Italy | 69/F | Rheumatoid arthritis | Adalimumab | 25 | Methotrexate, corticosteroids | 360 | Visceral | (4) | |
10 | Greece | 60/F | Rheumatoid arthritis | Etanercept | 18† | Cyclosporine, corticosteroids, anakinra | 96 | Visceral | (5) | |
11 | France | 9/F | Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis | NA | NA | Cyclosporine, methotrexate, corticosteroids, anakinra | 60 | Visceral | (13) | |
12 | Greece | 45/M | Psoriatic arthritis | Infliximab | 60 | Methotrexate, corticosteroids | 60 | Visceral | (6) | |
13 | Greece | 65/F | Rheumatoid arthritis | NA | NA | Methotrexate | 96 | Visceral | (14) | |
14 | Greece | 71/F | Giant cell arteritis | Infliximab | 24 | Methotrexate, corticosteroids | 24 | Visceral | This study | |
15 | Greece | 55/M | Ankylosing spondylitis | Infliximab | 12 | Methotrexate | 12 | Cutaneous | This study |
*TNF, tumor necrosis factor; Ref., reference; ANCA, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; NA, not applicable.
†All biologic treatments had been terminated 6 mo before leishmaniasis occurred.
References
- Winthrop KL. Risk and prevention of tuberculosis and other serious opportunistic infections associated with tumor necrosis factor. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol. 2006;2:602–10. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
- Baixauli Rubio A, Rodriguez Gorriz E, Campos Fernandez J, Calvo Catala J, Garcia Vicente S. Enfermedad oportunista poco frecuente en enfermo tratamiento immunosupresor por arthritis reumatoide. . Anales de Medicina Interna (Madrid). 2003;20:276–7.
- Cush JJ. Biological drug use: US perspectives on indications and monitoring. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005;64:iv18–23. DOIPubMedGoogle Scholar
Page created: December 08, 2010
Page updated: December 08, 2010
Page reviewed: December 08, 2010
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by any of the groups named above.